Ballistic Missile Defense Sensors
Abstract
Given the unique characteristics of short-range, medium-range, intermediate-range, and intercontinental ballistic missiles (SRBMs, MRBMs, IRBMs, and ICBMs), no one missile defense interceptor or sensor system can effectively counter all ballistic missile threats. Warfighters are not only faced with the challenge of intercepting relatively small objects at great distances and very high velocities, but they may have to counter large raid sizes involving combinations of SRBMs, MRBMs, IRBMs, and ICBMs and, in the future, countermeasures associated with structured ballistic missile attacks. Stand-alone missile defense systems must be integrated into a layered BMDS to achieve cost and operational efficiencies, while improving protection performance with increased defended area and minimizing force structure costs. The most operationally effective missile defense architecture is a layering of endoatmospheric and exoatmospheric missile interceptor systems with ground and space sensors connected and managed by a robust Command and Control, Battle Management and Communication (C2BMC) infrastructure. The FY 2011 program is balanced to develop, rigorously test, and field an integrated BMDS architecture to counter existing regional threats, continue developing our limited ICBM defense, prove our Missile Defense System works, and develop new technologies to address future threats. The current program has four focus areas: 1. Enhance missile defense to defend deployed forces, allies, and friends against theater threats 2. Continue a viable homeland defense against rogue threats beyond 2030 3. Prove missile defense works 4. Develop technologies to hedge against future missile threat growth THE KEY ENABLER FOR THESE FOCUS AREAS IS A PERVASIVE SENSOR NET. BMDS effectiveness depends upon the quality of services (that is, data of sufficient accuracy and low enough latency) rendered by the interdependent BMDS programs to each other. The BMD Sensors program provides essential data for the command and control of BMDS weapon systems, such as Terminal High Altitude Area Defense (THAAD) and Groundbased Midcourse Defense (GMD). These sensors, connected to the BMDS through C2BMC, enable detection and tracking of targets, and provide fire-control quality ballistic missile position, velocity, and discrimination data to BMDS weapon systems. As threats expand and mature, the need for continuously available sensors supports investment in the operations, sustainment, and enhancement of existing radars, as well as the development of new sensors, such as the Precision Tracking Space System (PTSS). The Ballistic Missile Defense System (BMDS) development approach allows sensor technologies and capabilities to be incorporated as they mature and evolve into a layered network of sensors. Overlapping sensor coverage with a diversity of sensor types will improve detection, track, discrimination and kill assessments. The extended sensor coverage and accuracy provided by a network of layered sensors makes the BMDS more efficient, reduces the number of target engagements needed, conserving interceptor inventory and ensuring a high probability of successful engagement. The BMD Sensors Program contributes to all four missile defense focus areas as follows: ENHANCE REGIONAL DEFENSE Development, delivery and deployment of AN/TPY-2 radars for either forward-based or THAAD Fire Unit use to meet warfighter needs Operations and sustainment of deployed AN/TPY-2 radars in Japan, Israel, and other locations (to be determined) AN/TPY-2 radars can be configured to operate either as a THAAD Fire Unit Radar (terminal mode) or Forward-Based Radar. These radars are transportable, adding flexibility to respond to geographical changes in threats. Under this Program Element, four AN/TPY-2 radars have completed manufacturing (AN/TPY-2 #2, 3, 5, and 6), and one is in production (AN/TPY-2 #7). The AN/TPY-2 used in a forward-based role provides detection and tracking during the boost phase. This significantly reduces the uncertainty in target discrimination and reaction time, increasing the probability of a successful BMDS engagement. The AN/TPY-2 used in terminal mode as a Fire Unit Radar (FUR) is an integral component of the Terminal High Altitude Area Defense (THAAD) Battery. The FUR is capable of tracking multiple threats and multiple interceptors during engagements in the terminal phase. It provides surveillance, acquisition, track, discrimination, interceptor communications, and hit assessment data collection for the fire control. The current and planned utilization of the AN/TPY-2 radars supports US STRATCOM, COCOMs, THAAD, and the Aegis BMD weapon system. Currently, AN/TPY-2 radars are supporting missile defense in both Japan and Israel. BMDS regional defense includes the Phased Adaptive Approach (PAA). This approach was developed in response to the rapid proliferation of short and medium range ballistic missiles in Iran and the threat they pose to U.S. Allies and partners, as well as to U.S. deployed personnel and their accompanying families in the Middle East and in Europe. By leveraging recent advances in sensor and interceptor technologies, the United States will aggressively counter this growing regional threat with a more powerful and agile system. The United States is pursuing a four phased approach which will provide a more effective missile defense capability for defense of NATO territories and enhance U.S. homeland defense. It will be complementary of and interoperable with those being developed by NATO, be applicable in other theaters around the world, and will be more adaptable and flexible in order to counter threat advances and provide increased defended areas over time. The initial phase includes the deployment of current and proven missile defense, including the sea-based Aegis Weapons System, the SM-3 interceptor (Block IA), and sensors such as the forward-based Army Navy/Transportable Radar Surveillance system (AN/TPY-2). Subsequent phases will be implemented based on technical maturity, appropriate testing, and threat driven requirements. The BMDS Sensors regional defense program also includes the Groundbased Radar - Prototype (GBR-P) -- a large, steerable, X-band phased array radar currently located at the Reagan Test Site, Kwajalein Atoll. This radar is currently maintained in caretaker status and is available to support BMDS testing and X-Band software development efforts. CONTINUE VIABLE HOMELAND DEFENSE Operations and sustainment of the Sea-Based X-Band Radar (SBX) and UEWR`s at Thule, Beale, and Fylingdales Operations and sustainment of the COBRA DANE radar Upgrade of the Thule Early Warning Radar (EWR) to add missile defense capability to this sensor Initial and refined design for upgrade of the Clear, AK Early Warning Radar beginning in FY11. The Thule Early Warning Radar (EWR) located at Thule Air Base, Greenland, is an Ultra High Frequency (UHF) radar that is being upgraded to include missile defense functionality. This capability will expand defense of the U.S. to include defense against limited Iranian long-range threats. The radars located at Beale Air Force Base (AFB), CA, and RAF Fylingdales, UK, are UHF radars that are completing their upgrades for Missile Defense to the UEWR configuration. The COBRA DANE radar located at Eareckson AFS, Shemya, Alaska (AK) is also part of the BMDS Homeland Defense architecture. PROVE MISSILE DEFENSE Participation in BMDS flight and ground test campaigns Modeling and simulation efforts to include: enhanced sensor models, development of RF scene generators, integration of digital simulations into the BMDS modeling and simulation architecture, and verification, validation, and accreditation (VV&A) of radar models Development and implementation of Concurrent, Test, Training, and Operations (CTTO) capabilities HEDGE AGAINST FUTURE THREATS System engineering, and software development and testing support Development of radar discrimination advanced algorithms and Common X-Band software for TPY-2 radars to address evolving threats Implementation of BMDS Unifying Missile Defense Functions (UMDF) to improve BMDS efficiency and effectiveness Operations and support of the External Sensors Lab (ESL) -- a research and development lab critical to researching potential capabilities gained from sensors external to the BMDS As new sensor data sources are brought into the External Sensors Lab (ESL), the overall performance of existing capabilities are improved and new capabilities for the BMDS are discovered. Algorithms developed by ESL will contribute to precision radar cueing, system track, and hit/kill assessment. Precision radar cueing by ESL has been successfully demonstrated several times during flight testing. ESL provides engineering-level code to the C2BMC program for maturing the algorithms into robust, operationally suitable code.
Document Details
- Document Type
- R2 Budgetary Justification
- Publication Date
- Oct 01, 2011
- Source ID
- 0603884C_4_0400_PB_2011
- Change Summary Explanation
- FY 2009 decreases include SBIR/STTR transfers, MDA adjustments, and rescissions external to the Agency. European Midcourse Radar (EMR) funding is moved to the new EMR PE 0603909C for FY 2009 and to the new European Capability PE 0603911C for FY 2010. No FY 2011 data provided in PB10. ;
- Service Agency Name
- Missile Defense Agency
Entities
Organizations
- Missile Defense Agency
Related Documents
- Child Project: Ballistic Missile Defense Radars Block 1.0
- Child Accomplishment: AN/TPY-2 #2 Commercial Power
- Child Cost Item: 2ebdad5833d0b5c49170eae704c9a9d7
- Child Project: Ballistic Missile Defense Radars Block 2.0
- Child Accomplishment: AN/TPY-2 #7
- Child Cost Item: 5989641ab7c7ede6ac2b950cb25cb942
- Child Project: Ballistic Missile Defense Radars Block 3.0
- Child Accomplishment: Thule Early Warning Radar Upgrade
- Child Accomplishment: Migration to DISN, Long-Haul Comms
- Child Accomplishment: Radar Discrimination Capability Common Advanced Algorithm Insertion
- Child Cost Item: 3273c108de744a8613989261998e09d0
- Child Cost Item: c2f43d68024315ef21d1c1490fce5b12
- Child Cost Item: 0132e6ee2144def89414f8f7ed49c8d1
- Child Cost Item: 333dddec92e670c84a51c52bb50ea8af
- Child Cost Item: 16145cc06c00495ced25e78b7c274847
- Child Cost Item: 9a5812494888f09ba366d4cb78304653
- Child Cost Item: dd5df8b1753c2ab09dfe02aedfc5220e
- Child Cost Item: 6111e26cb11699834e31f8393f11e290
- Child Cost Item: 629f4be7fb0b99311b406384eafd60a8
- Child Project: Ballistic Missile Defense Radars Block 5.0
- Child Accomplishment: AN/TPY-2 C2BMC Fielding
- Child Accomplishment: Program Office Support Across All Blocks
- Child Accomplishment: AN/TPY-2 #3 Radar Deployment, and Site Activation
- Child Cost Item: e2106fe4d5b41cc779e80121871dca0a
- Child Cost Item: e15716e0dbb56b92bccaa6c1535f3e2a
- Child Cost Item: 07c0360e6c5104180ac3ef9fd8162232
- Child Cost Item: 2050e206aa4873a356c9a7ceadea88fc
- Child Cost Item: 876fbfd4fecd48d18bb52c97f8b98c65
- Child Cost Item: 3c119603a84bbec75bdd2557c0a3ce84
- Child Cost Item: 73808f62f0594e1ef1337b33d6da7645
- Child Cost Item: fb60d21ee364f41571de86d7786eb3fd
- Child Cost Item: 4c36f4dcd552f818ab3259ae25a97d68
- Child Cost Item: f8788f80ea7600212d30fc7cfecc463b
- Child Cost Item: d62a3d56e1269d87b50eabb05605743a
- Child Cost Item: add770cdb222002e9d0ea92ffe960a36
- Child Cost Item: 5b6de219a7e9f16bfe181c7a46884790
- Child Cost Item: 957e4ce6dca1ef4ca7ff982e0ddfe84c
- Child Project: Ballistic Missile Defense Radars Capability Development
- Child Accomplishment: X-Band Basic Program
- Child Accomplishment: BMDS Radars Test & Evaluation
- Child Accomplishment: Sensors System Engineering & UMDF
- Child Accomplishment: External Sensors
- Child Accomplishment: BMDS Architecture
- Child Accomplishment: Common Threat
- Child Accomplishment: Operations and Maintenance of Core IT Services
- Child Accomplishment: Mobile Sensors Enhancement
- Child Accomplishment: EO/IR Sensors
- Child Cost Item: e772250ce101d0ec7b50afc456219a5a
- Child Cost Item: 6207393b593899c540bec5c0b9fce556
- Child Cost Item: f5072f6f7fc16dde994723d222f26664
- Child Cost Item: c426e7a336fea617e46068c4eabf179e
- Child Cost Item: 1865142b020b95a213f77f69750f5b11
- Child Cost Item: 57646de1ea8fdafbb55142f68b7f5ea0
- Child Cost Item: 62a46d2661164675a97522f2777bd4a9
- Child Cost Item: 1365d134971b70fb4a60f1e691e1e47a
- Child Cost Item: f92168fa2819d8a87ac624fcd9175394
- Child Cost Item: 74586eeb05610f4c0e77825d434795f8
- Child Cost Item: 883533871827f996ab935c5b78fa99ab
- Child Cost Item: 7beb217f0bdc63876103d6b9b8f44160
- Child Cost Item: 44980bd54bf7a2ee57f1f35e850d9b29
- Child Cost Item: 388a1c6b9adde329d24e9f4a0402fa1c
- Child Cost Item: 2e92ba8186dfa4df6c0da2c92a03f70f
- Child Cost Item: 9b531c140e414143b1060f5046fd3549
- Child Cost Item: 9824acfd29d2a940780cf49a75b615ea
- Child Cost Item: 9d70d9e2d0c903768ddcd95fc4b207b6
- Child Cost Item: e0436391b956fdafe72bc362acfd9d4f
- Child Cost Item: b9983aca01494fd215a69c429f354cc6
- Child Cost Item: ae3a92c671673d1968751f967b5cc266
- Child Cost Item: fbf1be3c11586b2257ec7565f6bdf93f
- Child Cost Item: 6ace3ab503c7170e8b6a57c1cdd031e4
- Child Cost Item: 4daa7b2536e8a6d6464f8493a3d5d560
- Child Cost Item: 8dd20539575635d5489ccc172f99df3c
- Child Cost Item: 1871dd2225401febdcbe59688c0b1043
- Child Cost Item: ecfdbdc9e688aab8f56d85ad313c6573
- Child Cost Item: fe21ac460fdcf0e0795d244a21046362
- Child Cost Item: 4bce21237260c883dcb467f5d1e709bd
- Child Cost Item: 4bf58f790258b4af82bb40b005f1d951
- Child Cost Item: 156d6007b38fc1bb3c5217b85369097b
- Child Cost Item: 50dda811ddfd84294723927d62c177b3
- Child Cost Item: 7f95bb94960d0652be40f52db916731b
- Child Cost Item: 140b9ca32b0ffcfdf8586c6ed6f4ee7d
- Child Cost Item: e3a24ffd4a7718d4224b3bec4c3841c4
- Child Cost Item: aedf406e68ef5c5ca93b6c67f7582f19
- Child Cost Item: 6247f1da3f4a9dc8676e5e221dee3c0f
- Child Cost Item: e7f4fead4c35be67ea7af54b0709a09b
- Child Cost Item: 08ac9e612a6bbb7b63fe8301767016a6
- Child Cost Item: cd16f7c182d3dc6edc31d16b00fe493f
- Child Cost Item: 4885e81185e6f383d7f4c90547d3d048
- Child Cost Item: a67797bc13d12683e93b35a3979cfa41
- Child Cost Item: 7ba89c0759891aa73b9a5cd813771459
- Child Cost Item: 17719b90d6c3452c4e3ad43d2557bd84
- Child Cost Item: 68c1a1ab713e7de0b6e1cdf78acf53af
- Child Cost Item: f47e9af318ff833ec3edb5fdc56ff083
- Child Cost Item: 7eb6d4b5603673b59f85ff451d1ce92e
- Child Cost Item: 370840395d7d474d09ddf28f89fd43b0
- Child Cost Item: 6625221ad3eefb479a375ab49c3d21b9
- Child Project: Ballistic Missile Defense Radars Sustainment
- Child Accomplishment: BMDS Radars (Sustainment)
- Child Accomplishment: Upgraded Early Warning Radars (Beale, Fylingdales, COBRA DANE)
- Child Accomplishment: BMDS Radars Communications (Sustainment)
- Child Cost Item: 04f2777959711024b4d624badfea269a
- Child Cost Item: add2a939d600528303261f5d7f696e83
- Child Cost Item: 3f7e5f9b920a7f61216fbbc2e4a9698e
- Child Cost Item: c07451069733cc1b315b06d27545b17d
- Child Cost Item: b79f0bdb865f465a9f48bc2aa8cea2ec
- Child Cost Item: 9e7881e3d1545210dc31e52f6634e6f9
- Child Cost Item: e07b2924c609eacef69fd5d7e92ded04
- Child Cost Item: 5297a6174bea42949ec6fe1476da49b1
- Child Cost Item: 2cb72c04b568117829e4a65e595cd697
- Child Cost Item: 669740e36c017458aaa2e5bbb3a53ed2
- Child Cost Item: 721029f0d556e29c4aff57c1aa68344d
- Child Cost Item: 397a96654e9e441aabe35fe3b70f55ab
- Child Cost Item: a89687dbc271fa6158c9a63c82bf6c49
- Child Cost Item: 1677be28e10a3d05f4c38a377a51473a
- Child Cost Item: 4d3d2063300aef582fa6671f0c15feb2
- Child Cost Item: 176e99e0bec156e43c6706ac089502ca
- Child Cost Item: 34ed98f3b62605c0f90acf3859d577c3
- Child Cost Item: 69dd3bdcc9bf03848bbbdaf9ef0e460b
- Child Cost Item: 6cd54b12049593b363291c603c1ba711
- Child Cost Item: 0d6fa18ff9f4ebec6a462e3b63fa7abc
- Child Cost Item: 99550a32eccb46438092bf1466c3372b
- Child Cost Item: 47ec5eb30f847418f8799c9d70076c28
- Child Cost Item: 7954df7a57504321794bac675eddffac
- Child Cost Item: 9bfc62119adb601a5ed466954f25793a
- Child Cost Item: aa385f766fbc828e7614f76cc15bf7f5
- Child Project: BMDS Radars
- Child Accomplishment: BMDS Radars (Sustainment)
- Child Accomplishment: Sensors Directorate Operations
- Child Accomplishment: BMDS Level Testing
- Child Accomplishment: X-Band Basic Program
- Child Accomplishment: BMDS Radars Concurrent Test, Training & Operations (CTTO) Infrastructure
- Child Accomplishment: BMDS Radars Modeling & Simulation (M&S)
- Child Accomplishment: UEWR (Beale, Fylingdales, Thule) & COBRA DANE Sustainment
- Child Accomplishment: External Sensors
- Child Accomplishment: Sensors Engineering & UMDF
- Child Accomplishment: Element Test and Infrastructure
- Child Accomplishment: BMDS Radars Communications (Sustainment)
- Child Accomplishment: AN/TPY-2 C2BMC Fielding
- Child Cost Item: b69643b7b400794b738897e87e075d4e
- Child Cost Item: 6f05a72aae428141674f4742240e624b
- Child Cost Item: 5776deb2893fbc80b5b1d6bcfe11dbf8
- Child Cost Item: 98c327e578b1a88908bbbdf2059dfd23
- Child Cost Item: 1139a0628ec689ad1d393964dd2c8825
- Child Cost Item: 84a7c64845f68f6905521f8a8d34236d
- Child Cost Item: 6a53aee900b891dcdb35ff7fca63fc52
- Child Cost Item: 65d4170cc2ff742421c922906d6c395a
- Child Cost Item: 8d4fdc4be7d331ff590db7c911da794c
- Child Cost Item: df0d071097293676f574c76ec96628d2
- Child Cost Item: d27e7530c7d859510cb1551a26922a6c
- Child Cost Item: 4e7c95cd4b8cc97b5efa28eeea28f05c
- Child Cost Item: b37721590f654a66c9c9c1533a572d42
- Child Cost Item: 3b86a9fb08d09709de6c4b9bf8191b66
- Child Cost Item: dfbb9b003e05d990cd5e866a8adc2333
- Child Cost Item: 483614c30881c89c6edb1e0fb71b1508
- Child Cost Item: ff59f96658e25769cc2cffb3c06eef42
- Child Cost Item: 67c30d9c97d619269027d38647a4fbe4
- Child Cost Item: b2ab53aa20af0e1ea6597ce9781cd131
- Child Cost Item: 8dc052e2823b54511caf8e6cbd2e4e6d
- Child Cost Item: d06a874571daa3cf1bd9c44d54532b82
- Child Cost Item: eb39f38007edd339058aa1e6373c773b
- Child Cost Item: 59cafa79bd8b78c3c531be500d27737a
- Child Cost Item: 7a74acd2c16850f76eac8639a68cbcda
- Child Cost Item: 9fe397f801598a64b390c2a386a06b96
- Child Cost Item: abedcd17c91c0dc4c08ecbec0bcb4d55
- Child Cost Item: e0ce1283a79f4ce9a77db911a5178b5b
- Child Cost Item: cc163e5d634127ecfefa99e2cd00715e
- Child Cost Item: 8c43f58af3822c454643c08e34fa3b50
- Child Cost Item: 90a4799cff26c2d9518c4f76c7bb487c
- Child Cost Item: 79b90abb0e75dde07e37aea3e396f95d
- Child Cost Item: bf9d549b72a619604f7aee511782790d
- Child Cost Item: 12eb134ecb1c12551dd73447488b2136
- Child Cost Item: f344c178bd4d369a9168cdc009643feb
- Child Cost Item: d14310df66cc0a9f1b3677c5c1c851f2
- Child Cost Item: 3a815c5fc313cbd8be7e9a105d815393
- Child Cost Item: d6adcf84973440f1c0d1b59aa3b37a3a
- Child Cost Item: b6ed81a5e8d704bc5335e210a8e42d5b
- Child Cost Item: d5937338083e866a2ca80aaacec6ce8f
- Child Cost Item: 5bcfbfde8c57e9b3d0c6846c7ed9a55d
- Child Cost Item: 94b9e68252ffae7228d672b0eda59b58
- Child Cost Item: 63e9401cbdebe29ab2bbcdcdeedf1844
- Child Cost Item: 50341ca9b514ba8469262a1d45abe3f4
- Child Cost Item: a2ca81c06a4d61c235fb408e003ee9b0
- Child Cost Item: 4c423315c0160db7bd1a062806ae9b22
- Child Cost Item: aa3bfc26f73d1c40a197598bba9becd9
- Child Cost Item: eaea17e7ee9f78e8fd38ceadb7f1f9d4
- Child Cost Item: 14d9c68a1c1f9a435b171e60e8a8e309
- Child Cost Item: 65e4d420c230b116536e5db93abb4040
- Child Cost Item: 76e8ac276051aba9607bab118f6ab65e
- Child Cost Item: 3e0b654f43e5132a3115c63189021255
- Child Cost Item: eabb79fdbe2b42ef607f6ab52f576d05
- Child Cost Item: 936d307e51731f731488ed0da39b3d78
- Child Cost Item: 5e27c74cbb2c52bcf4fe2476da146ae4
- Child Cost Item: 51919777f546df4aea1e96affd4d34b9
- Child Cost Item: ac3c142d1b7b8d2ecc6a61996a89a2c3
- Child Cost Item: 198cc9bb3a7e03331b37d6e77a37d92e
- Child Cost Item: 21b290139c32659a47451a234d23cf2b
- Child Cost Item: a73705c4850bcb57b3208ca7ddc50f3f
- Child Cost Item: f18e08e7e77f8dedf70372bfedd19b3e
- Child Cost Item: b4bb71b7459a9ccab693b18bf8554e98
- Child Project: Program-Wide Support
- Child Accomplishment: Civilian Salaries and Support
- Child Project: Program-Wide Support
- Child Accomplishment: Civilian Salaries and Support