Ballistic Missile Defense Sensors
Abstract
The Ballistic Missile Defense System (BMDS) network of layered Sensors provides essential situational awareness and fire control data for the command and control of BMDS weapon systems, such as Ground-based Midcourse Defense (GMD), Aegis Ballistic Missile Defense (BMD), and Terminal High Altitude Area Defense (THAAD). The suite of remote ground-based sensors provides; early warning, midcourse and terminal ballistic missile defense threat data enabling layered detection and tracking of ballistic missile targets, providing fire-control quality position, velocity, and discrimination data through Ground-Based Midcourse Defense Fire Control (GFC), or Command and Control, Battle Management, Communications (C2BMC). Overlapping coverage of geographically diverse sensors provides improved threat track data, reduces the impact of the loss of any one sensor, and reduces the potential impact of countermeasures. The extended coverage and accuracy provided by a network of layered sensors increases the defensive footprint and reduces the number of target engagements required, thereby conserving interceptor inventory and maintaining a high probability of successful engagement. Networked forward-based sensors enable C2BMC to pair the best sensor coverage with the best available weapon system to provide the most effective defense against ballistic missile threats. This program element includes BMDS threat discrimination improvements, which will enhance BMDS effectiveness against the evolving adversary threat. The result will be a BMDS architecture more capable of discriminating and destroying reentry vehicles with a higher degree of confidence, improving Warfighter shot doctrine, and more efficiently using interceptor inventory. BMDS threat discrimination improvements are funded from the Enabling (0603890C), Midcourse (0603882C), BMD Sensors (0603884C), C2BMC (0603896C), and Aegis BMD (0603892C) PEs. The BMD Sensors Program contributes to regional missile defense through the development, delivery and deployment/redeployment of Army Navy/Transportable Radar Surveillance and Control (AN/TPY-2) radars for operations or tests. AN/TPY-2 radars can be configured to operate either as a THAAD Fire Unit Radar (terminal mode) or Forward-Based Radar. These radars are transportable, they add flexibility to respond to geographical changes in threats. Radars provide early warning tracking and discrimination data through all phases of ballistic missile flight. Through the BMDS C2BMC and coalition data links, the AN/TPY-2 provides fire control data to enable remote Standard Missile (SM)-3 engagements by Aegis BMD, and to cue deployed THAAD and U.S. and partner Patriot batteries. The BMDS sensor network includes; the COBRA DANE Radar at Eareckson Air Station, Alaska, the Upgraded Early Warning Radars (UEWRs) at Beale Air Force Base, CA; Fylingdales Royal Air Force, United Kingdom, and Thule Air Base in Greenland for defense of the homeland. The Clear Ultra High Frequency Early Warning Radar (EWR), at Clear Air Force Station, AK, and the Cape Cod EWR, at Cape Cod Air Force Station, MA, are also being upgraded to include missile defense functionality against long-range threats in addition to their existing Missile Warning and Space Surveillance missions. Upgrade activities began in CY 2012 and are expected to be completed in CY 2018. The addition of the Clear UEWR and Cape Cod UEWRs to the BMDS sensor architecture will improve BMDS sensor coverage and provide new engagement options against long-range missile threats from Northeast Asia and Southwest Asia respectively. The Homeland Defense Radar - Hawaii (HDR-H) is a new sensor within the BMDS that addresses NORTHCOM and PACOM radar requirements for the defense of Hawaii. The HDR-H is a long range ballistic missile defense sensor that provides a persistent operational capability for the defense of the Pacific region. It improves the discrimination capability to address multiple threats including the no warning strategic challenges of a road mobile ICBM. The radar will leverage development efforts from other sensor projects to reuse discrimination, low elevation acquisition, and tracking algorithms. The Pacific Radar final testing, integration and delivery is planned for FY 2023. Cyber Operations sustain the Risk Management Framework (RMF) and Controls Validation Testing (CVT) activities, analysis of validation results, risk assessments, and reviews of Plans of Action and Milestones (POA&Ms) for the Sensors mission system. This Program Element also investigates concepts and performs systems engineering to address hypersonic threats. FY 2017 AMENDED BUDGET REQUEST JUSTIFICATION: $+6.400M was required to address emergency warfighting readiness requirements. +$6.400M Project MD11-BMDS Radar to implement AN/TPY-2 Noise Mitigation. FY 2017 MISSILE DEFEAT ENHANCEMENTS REPROGRAMMING (FY17-26 PA): +$19.600M was required to address emergency warfighting readiness requirements. Additional details are available at a higher classification level. +$19.600M Project MD11 BMDS Radars. This is a base budget requirement. +$3.600M is required to support Advanced Discrimination efforts focused on countering the emergent threats to the homeland, forward deployed forces, and allies. +$16.000M is required to extend the lifespan of the COBRA DANE radar, which provides critical coverages of North Korean threats. Upgrades include critical life extension redesign and software rehosting to ensure continued operations. This is a base budget requirement. FY 2018 MISSILE DEFEAT AND DEFENSE ENHANCEMENTS (MDDE) BUDGET AMENDMENT: $30.800M is required to address emergency warfighting readiness requirements. Additional details are available at a higher classification level. +$30.800M Project MD11 BMDS Radars. This is a base budget requirement. +$3.000M is required to improve the BMDS ability to identify lethal and non-lethal objects. This Advanced Discrimination is required to continue to defend the homeland, deployed forces and regional allies against evolving threats of increasing sophistication. +$5.000M is required to conduct studies and evaluations in support of a Medium Range Discriminating Radar (MRDR) to address gaps in the BMDS and better protect the homeland and regional allies. An MRDR would include BMDS threat discrimination improvements to enhance BMD effectiveness against the evolving theat. +$17.800M is required to fund Phase 1, 2 and 3 efforts of the U.S. Forces Korea (USFK) Joint Emergent Operational Need Statement (JEON) to deliver an integrated Upper Tier (THAAD and Aegis BMD) and Lower Tier (PAC3 Missile Segment Enhancement - MSE) ballistic missile defense system that expands engagement options and increases coverage area. +$5.000M is required to extend the lifespan of the COBRA DANE radar, a long-range sensor that provides critical coverage of potential North Korean threats. Nearly all of the major COBRA DANE systems have aged well beyond their intended design lifespan and the majority of the radar components are largely obsolete. Upgrades include critical life extension redesign and software re-hosting to ensure continued operations of COBRA DANE.
Document Details
- Document Type
- R2 Budgetary Justification
- Publication Date
- Oct 01, 2019
- Source ID
- 0603884C_4_0400_PB_2019
- Change Summary Explanation
- The FY 2017 reprogramming of $+9.842M reflects an increase for initiation of AN/TPY-2 Galium Nitride (GaN) Transition to Production (TTP). The decrease from PB18 to PB19 in FY 2019 reflects the realignment of the Homeland Defense Radar - Hawaii (HDR-H) from the Ballistic Missile Defense Sensors Program Element 0603884C to the Pacific Discriminating Radar Program Element 0604673C. FY 2017: $+8.100 transfer of program office to PE0603874C LRDR FY 2017 AMENDED BUDGET REQUEST JUSTIFICATION: $+6.400M was required to address emergency warfighting readiness requirements. $+6.400M Project MD11-BMDS Radar to implement AN/TPY-2 Noise Mitigation. FY 2017 MISSILE DEFEAT ENHANCEMENTS REPROGRAMMING (FY17-26 PA): +$19.600M was required to address emergency warfighting readiness requirements. Additional details are available at a higher classification level. FY 2018 MISSILE DEFEAT AND DEFENSE ENHANCEMENTS (MDDE) BUDGET AMENDMENT: $30.800M is required to address emergency warfighting readiness requirements. Additional details are available at a higher classification level. PB19 reflects approved out year Missile Defeat and Defense Enhancement (MDDE) tails.
- Service Agency Name
- Missile Defense Agency
Entities
Organizations
- Missile Defense Agency
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