Ballistic Missile Defense Sensors
Abstract
The Ballistic Missile Defense System (BMDS) network of layered Sensors provides essential situational awareness and fire control data for the command and control of BMDS weapon systems, such as Ground-Based Midcourse Defense (GMD), Aegis Ballistic Missile Defense (BMD), and Terminal High Altitude Area Defense (THAAD). The suite of remote ground-based sensors provides; early warning, midcourse and terminal missile defense threat data enabling layered detection and tracking of missile targets, providing fire-control quality position, velocity, and discrimination data through Ground-Based Midcourse Defense Fire Control (GFC), or Command and Control, Battle Management and Communications (C2BMC). Overlapping coverage of geographically diverse sensors provides improved threat track data, reduces the impact of the loss of any one sensor, and reduces the potential impact of countermeasures. The extended coverage and accuracy provided by a network of layered sensors increases the defensive footprint and reduces the number of target engagements required, thereby conserving interceptor inventory and maintaining a high probability of successful engagement. Networked forward-based sensors enable C2BMC to pair the best sensor coverage with the best available weapon system to provide the most effective defense against missile threats. This program element includes BMDS threat discrimination improvements, which will enhance BMDS effectiveness against the evolving adversary threat. The result will be a BMDS architecture more capable of discriminating and destroying reentry vehicles with a higher degree of confidence, improving Warfighter shot doctrine, and more efficiently using interceptor inventory. BMDS threat discrimination improvements are funded from the Enabling (0603890C), Midcourse (0603882C), BMD Sensors (0603884C), C2BMC (0603896C), and Aegis BMD (0603892C) PEs. The BMD Sensors Program contributes to regional missile defense through the development, delivery and deployment/redeployment of Army Navy/Transportable Radar Surveillance and Control (AN/TPY-2) radars for operations or tests. AN/TPY-2 radars can be configured to operate either as a THAAD Fire Unit Radar (terminal mode) or Forward-Based Radar. These radars are transportable, they add flexibility to respond to geographical changes in threats. Radars provide early warning tracking and discrimination data through all phases of missile flight. Through the BMDS C2BMC and coalition data links, the AN/TPY-2 provides fire control data to enable remote Standard Missile (SM)-3 engagements by Aegis BMD, and to cue deployed THAAD and U.S. and partner Patriot batteries. The BMDS sensor network includes; the COBRA DANE Radar at Eareckson Air Station, Alaska, the Upgraded Early Warning Radars (UEWRs) at Beale Air Force Base, CA; Fylingdales Royal Air Force, United Kingdom, and Thule Air Base in Greenland for defense of the homeland. The Clear Ultra High Frequency Early Warning Radar (EWR), at Clear Air Force Station, AK, and the Cape Cod EWR, at Cape Cod Air Force Station, MA, are also being upgraded to include missile defense functionality against long-range threats in addition to their existing Missile Warning and Space Surveillance missions. Upgrade activities began in CY 2012 and are now projected to be completed in CY 2020 due to current UEWR operational configuration emergency maintenance required by AF Space Command that blocked access to the radar sites for operational testing. The addition of the Clear UEWR and Cape Cod UEWRs to the BMDS sensor architecture improves BMDS sensor coverage and provides new engagement options against long-range missile threats from Northeast Asia and Southwest Asia respectively. In accordance to Section 1684 (e) (2) of the National Defense Authorization Act for fiscal year 2016, the Missile Defense Agency is required to submit with the President's Budget request for fiscal year 2020 a plan to carry out Section 1684(d) and an update on progress in meeting Section 1684 (b) and (c). A decision to deploy an additional radar in the Atlantic has not yet been made. Current planned radar deployments include the Long-Range Discrimination Radar in Alaska, the Homeland Defense Radar - Hawaii, and the Pacific Radar that begin operating in 2021, 2023, and 2026 respectively. The SBX is currently deployed in the Pacific Ocean. Current operational plans do not require homeporting of the SBX to the Atlantic. The MDA previously completed the studies required by Section 1684 (b) and (c) of the National Defense Authorization Act for fiscal year 2016 and submitted them to the Congressional Defense Committees. Cyber Operations sustain the Risk Management Framework (RMF) and Controls Validation Testing (CVT) activities, analysis of validation results, risk assessments, reviews of Plans of Action and Milestones (POA&Ms), and alignment and integration to the Tier 2 Cybersecurity Service Provider (CSSP) for the Sensors mission system.
Document Details
- Document Type
- R2 Budgetary Justification
- Publication Date
- Oct 01, 2020
- Source ID
- 0603884C_4_0400_PB_2020
- Change Summary Explanation
- Net increase in FY 2018 from PB19 to PB20 reflects improvements in discrimination capabilities and USFK JEONS. Net increase in FY 2019 from PB19 to PB20 reflects enacted congressional increases (USFK JEON, cyber threats, improved discrimination capabilities, systems engineering enhancements, AN/TPY-2 radar improvements) and decreases (program operations unjustified request; and transfer of Pacific Radar from this Program Element to Pacific Radar PE 0604673C). Increase in FY 2020 from PB19 to PB20 provides additional VV&A, M&S Enterprise improvements, and USFK JEONS integration requirements.
- Service Agency Name
- Missile Defense Agency
Entities
Organizations
- Missile Defense Agency
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