BMD AEGIS

Abstract

The Aegis Ballistic Missile Defense (Aegis BMD) mission is to deliver an enduring, operationally effective and supportable Ballistic Missile Defense capability on Aegis cruisers and destroyers to defend the nation, deployed forces, friends and allies, and to increase this capability by delivering evolutionary improvements as part of Ballistic Missile Defense System (BMDS) upgrades. The Aegis BMD element of the BMDS builds upon the existing U.S. Navy Aegis Weapons System (AWS) and Standard Missile (SM) infrastructures. Aegis BMD provides a forward-deployable, mobile capability to detect and track Ballistic Missiles of all ranges, and the ability to destroy Short-Range Ballistic Missile (SRBM), Medium-Range Ballistic Missile (MRBM), Intermediate-Range Ballistic Missile (IRBM), and selected long-range class threats in the midcourse phase of flight. Upgrades to both the Aegis BMD Weapon System and the SM-3 configurations will enable Aegis BMD to provide effective, supportable defensive capability against more difficult threats in all phases of flight, including Long Range Ballistic Missiles (LRBMs). The FY 2011 program is balanced reflecting the four focus areas of the current Missile Defense Program: to develop, rigorously test, and field an integrated BMDS architecture to counter existing regional threats, continue a viable Homeland Defense against rouge threats beyond 2030; demonstrate our proven technologies to show Missile Defense works; and develop technologies to hedge against future missile threat growth. The best way to dissuade, deter, and defeat ballistic missile threats is through integrated ballistic missile defense capabilities -- weapons, sensors, and Command and Control Battle Management and Communications (C2BMC). A potential or actual attack may cross regions and may fly higher and faster than stand-alone, autonomous capabilities operated by a single Military Service can defend against. Integrated BMD capabilities draw on space-, land-, and sea-based assets operated by multiple Services to provide both the best sensor information on the enemy missile`s location and track as well as a more diverse and effective set of weapon options for the Combatant Commander to defeat the attack -- all connected by a unifying C2BMC system. As a result, an effort funded in a program element (PE) may be critical to the success of efforts in the other PE -- we refer to these connections as ``interdependencies``. Throughout the budget justification materials we have attempted to highlight interdependencies to fully explain the relationship between different parts of the proposed program. In support of Homeland Defense against limited long-range threats, Aegis BMD provided a Long Range Surveillance and Track (LRS&T) capability to the BMDS against Ballistic Missile threats of all ranges, supporting Ground-based Midcourse Defense (GMD )engagements. This initial capability was fielded in 2004 in compliance with Presidential direction. In support of the objective to defend allies and deployed forces from short- to medium-range threats in one region or theater, Aegis BMD provides several capabilities: Aegis BMD provided initial engagement capability against SRBM- to MRBM-class threats with the BMD 3.0 and BMD 3.6 systems. These capabilities were fielded in two spirals: The first spiral provided an initial engagement capability against SRBMs and MRBMs on Aegis BMD cruisers with the BMD 3.0 Weapon System and SM-3 Blk I missile that could be used for emergency activation; the second spiral provided an operationally certified LRS&T and engagement capability on Aegis BMD cruisers and destroyers configured with the BMD 3.6 Weapon System, capable of firing SM-3 Blk I and IA missiles using organic and external sensors. In response to Real World Events, Aegis BMD has developed and is fielding an integrated Near-Term Sea Based Terminal (NTSBT) capability against a finite set of SRBMs. Also as part of BMDS Block 2.0., BMD 3.6.1 incorporates a fuze-modified SM-2 Block IV missile provided by a separate Navy sponsored effort and builds on BMD 3.6 to provide a capability (BMD 3.6.1) against additional threats. The updated BMD 3.6.1 improves Aegis BMD Launch on AN/TPY-2 and bridges the gap between the operational deployment of BMD 3.6 and BMD 4.0.1. Aegis BMD is providing several capabilities (included in BMDS Integrated Build C and Build D) to enhance defense of allies and deployed forces from short- to intermediate-range threats in two regions or theaters: BMD 4.0.1 improves engagement performance against an expanded threat set and surveillance and track performance against some IRBMs and long-range threats as well as a Launch on Remote (LoR) capability and engagement coordinator. This will be achieved by modifications to the Weapon System (BMD 4.0.1) for new RF discrimination and tracking capability, and an upgraded SM-3 guided missile. The Aegis BMD 4.0.1 Weapon System includes the Aegis BMD Signal Processor (BSP) IR Kill Assessment, and integrates an updated variant of the SM-3 (SM-3 Blk IB) to improve overall system performance and discrimination capability. The SM-3 Blk IB configuration includes a performance-enhancing two-color IR seeker, and a Throttleable Divert and Attitude Control System (TDACS), which provides performance and manufacturing improvements at a lower per-unit cost. BMD 4.0.1 will be an operationally certified system firing either the SM-3 Blk IA or IB missile. The BMD 5.0 upgrade will integrate the BMD mission with the Navy-developed Open Architecture (OA) system to preserve the sea-based BMD capability as Navy ship modernization plans are executed. The new configuration of the Aegis BMD Weapon System will transition from older, MIL-standard computers to new Commercial Off The Shelf (COTS) computing plants. This will allow ships` operators to conduct combat missions with a single set of tactical computer programs running on the same computing plant and enhanced displays, enabling Aegis BMD to maintain compatibility with Surface Navy ships while also expanding the number of ships available to serve as potential candidates for the BMD mission. Future Capabilities: Aegis BMD and the Japan Ministry of Defense (JMOD) have undertaken an SM-3 Cooperative Development (SCD) program, which consists of a spiral upgrade of the SM-3 Blk IB missile to a 21-inch diameter SM-3 missile (SM-3 Blk IIA). Missile development will be covered under the SCD project prior to the SM-3 Blk IIA incorporation into the BMD 5.1 upgrade to the Aegis BMD system. By Congressional direction, this content transfers to PE 0604881C, SM-3 Block IIA Co-Development, in FY10. The BMD 5.1 weapons system will integrate the SM-3 Blk IIA missile into an Open Architecture (OA) environment. The addition of the SM-3 Blk IIA missile will expand available battlespace to include IRBM and selected longer-range threats, and when combined with additional weapon system modifications, will enable an Engage-on-Remote (EoR) capability. That capability will further extend Aegis BMD by capitalizing on globally-deployed BMDS sensor assets. Additionally, Aegis BMD will provide for a more robust, long-term integrated Sea Based Terminal (SBT) capability. With BMD 5.2, Aegis BMD will incorporate a new missile type (to be determined) and build on the BMD 3.6.1 near-term SBT capability. The Phased Adaptive Approach (PAA) was developed in response to the rapid proliferation of short and medium range ballistic missiles in Iran and the threat they pose to U.S. allies and partners, as well as to U.S. deployed personnel and their accompanying families in the Middle East and Europe. By leveraging recent advances in sensor and interceptor technologies, the United States will aggressively counter this growing regional threat with a more powerful and agile system. The United States is pursuing a four-phased approach which will provide a more effective missile defense capability for defense of NATO territories and enhance U.S. homeland defense; it will be complementary of and interoperable with those being developed by NATO, be applicable in other theaters around the world, and will be more adaptable and flexible to counter threat advances and provide increased defended areas over time. The initial phase includes the deployment of current and proven missile defense, including the sea-based Aegis Weapons System, the SM-3 missile (Block IA and IB), and sensors such as the AN/TPY-2. Subsequent phases will be implemented based on technical maturity, appropriate testing, and threat driven requirements. The Aegis Ashore program transfers in FY 2011 to PE 0604880C, Land Based SM-3. Aegis BMD provides a mobile, forward-deployable LRS&T capability to the BMDS against ballistic missile threats of all ranges. BMD 3.6 and the SM-3 Blk IA missile provides an engagement capability against short to medium range threats. The NTSBT capability (BMD 3.6.1) provides engagement capability against limited short range threats in the terminal phase of flight. BMD 4.0.1 with the SM-3 Blk IB missile will expand both LRS&T and engagement capability to include more complex threats including limited IRBM threats. Future capability developments such as the 21-inch diameter missile currently under development in the SCD program with Japan will be integrated with the Aegis BMD Weapon System in OA in BMD 5.1. This will further expand engagement capability against selected long-range threats, to include some ICBM-class threats, and will broaden program application for both U.S. and international ships. Another future capability development will introduce a more robust SBT capability. Aegis BMD has/will deliver the following: Sixteen (16) Aegis Destroyers equipped with the Aegis BMD Weapon System to conduct the LRS&T and engagement missions Five (5) Aegis Cruisers equipped with the Aegis BMD Weapon System to conduct the LRS&T and engagement missions Six (6) additional ships will be upgraded for BMD operations, configuration TBD. Nine (9) additional Aegis Cruisers Three (3) additional BMD 4.0.1 ships SM-3 Missile Deliveries - To Be Used for Testing and/or Deployment: Eleven (11) SM-3 Blk I missiles. One (1) SM-3 Blk IA Flight Test Round (FTR). Four (4) SM-3 Blk IB Flight Test Rounds (FTR). Fifty-nine (59) SM-3 Blk IA missiles with RDT&E. An additional ;forty one ;(41) SM-3 Blk IA missiles will be procured under a Procurement Defense-Wide appropriation. This procurement was begun under an RDT&E appropriation; the change is authorized by statutory language as part of the FY 2009 Defense Appropriation. Thirty (30) SM-3 Blk IB missiles with RDT&E. An additional 290 SM-3 Blk IB missiles will be procured under a Procurement-Defense Wide appropriation. Aegis Ashore will be delivered in support of the Phased Adaptive Approach (PAA). BMD Systems Engineering: BMD Systems Engineering provides System Description Documents and System Specifications for elements to design, build, integrate and test BMDS components. These products optimize performance at the system level and further ensure that the assessment of the designed BMD System is based on sufficient ground and flight testing. Aegis BMD compliance with BMD System level requirements (integrated Builds C and D) is monitored in a series of requirements and design reviews both at the system and element levels. Unifying Missile Defense Functions: MDA has a set of Unifying Missile Defense Functions (UMDFs), which increase the effectiveness of the BMD System (including probability of engagement success, increase in defended area and raid size capacity, additional redundancy of architecture, unity of command) through the integration of MDA developed capabilities. These UMDF efforts are Sensor Registration (reporting of sensor errors / biases), Correlation (ensuring the information from multiple sensors seeing a threat relates to the same object), System Track (creating a single engageable track of a threat from multiple reports provided by different land, sea, and space based multiple sensors), Discrimination (identifying object details to determine the target from debris or decoys), Battle Management (combining the best sensors and shooters to ensure the highest probability of a kill), Hit / Kill Assessment (determining if the target selected was destroyed after missile impact), and Communications (providing the worldwide connection of sensors and shooters to command authorities). UMDFs are implemented across the BMDS elements to create and utilize system level data and decisions that allow Combatant Commanders the ability to automatically and manually optimize sensor coverage and interceptor inventory to defend against all ranges of ballistic threats. Common Threat Engineering: Common threat engineering produces common and consistent adversary trajectory and signature data to enable BMD System and sub-system concept and requirements, design, verification, and assessment. Common Threat data is contained in the Adversary Capability Document (ACD) and Adversary Data Packages (ADP) and drives BMDS ground tests, flight tests, digital simulations, and pre-mission analysis activities. It is also used to develop the BMD System Description Document and BMD System Specification. Modeling & Simulation: Modeling and simulation (M&S) activities support all phases of Aegis BMD`s development, including development of Aegis Weapon System (AWS) and SM-3 variants, flight test missions, ground tests, wargames, exercises, and performance assessment. Models and simulations are tailored to the specific need of a component in its current phase of development, ranging from low-to-medium fidelity analyses supporting concept definition studies, to high-fidelity models used to support engineering development, or testing and are integrated into the BMD Digital Simulations Architecture. Digital simulations support Performance Assessment (PA) and Technical Assessment (TA) events, which provide critical system level performance data relative to all elements, the system engineer, M&S developers, OTA and Warfighter. Further, the M&S Digital tools are accredited for each application and for specific objectives; tools are put through a rigorous verification and validation process, reviewing coding and specifications, and comparing analyses against actual flight test results. Planning support is required to assist in the V&V plan development, test execution, analysis for V&V reports and PO M&S Certification. The Digital End-to-End simulation of the BMDS requires a PA Integrated V&V Plan and Report (both element and system level), a PA/TA-system level Accreditation Plan and Report, and support to PA/TA Non-MDA Elements. BMDS Hardware In The Loop (HWIL): The BMD Single Stimulation Framework (SSF) utilizes HWIL assets to support primarily BMDS ground testing, pre and post flight test mission construction and reconstruction, portions of the training capability, Wargames, exercises and BMDS contingency studies, as well as various other use cases to enable BMDS performance in a simulated environment. Each BMDS Element supports the M&S Program by providing HWIL representations ready for integration into the BMDS system-level framework to support full-envelope BMDS ground test, flight test, and training events based upon Agency and Warfighter needs. System Pre and Post Flight Reconstruction: Aegis BMD will support System Pre Flight predictions for system level flight tests using the test framework set up with the BMDS configuration for a particular flight test. This provides the confidence in Flight Test execution by predicting element performance and exercising element interfaces. This work is also used to proof out the construct of the flight test to ensure if the required data and data management plan will support System Post Flight Reconstruction (SPFR) objectives. System Post Flight Reconstruction will use a HWIL and/or a Digital M&S Environment to replicate the day of flight for the BMDS configuration, modified to represent the actual environmental conditions and target dynamics observed in flight. The results of this testing are used to increase confidence in the models and simulations by anchoring the results with emphasis on the critical engagement conditions (CECs) and empirical measurement events (EMEs) back to the real world event. SPFR is used for validation (anchoring) of models and simulations. CEC/EME`s are the conditions where data is obtained from flight and ground tests that is required to anchor system models and simulations. Aegis BMD has 9 CECs and 11 EMEs totaling 20 BMD 4.0.1/SM-3 Block IB System. From FY 2010 to FY 2020, there will approximately 369 collection opportunities as outlined in the IMTP. Additionally, four CEC/EME`s were collected in FY 2009 events (Caravan-2, Stellar Avenger (FTM-17), and FTX-06 Event 1). FY 2009: 4 CEC/EME possible collection opportunities during flight test and ground tests for an aggregate 1.5% of the total in the IMTP. FY 2010: 31 CEC/EME possible collection opportunities during flight and ground tests for an aggregate 8% of the total in the IMTP. FY 2011: 33 CEC/EME possible collection opportunities during flight and ground tests for an aggregate 17% of the total in the IMTP. FY 2012: 65 CEC/EME possible collection opportunities during flight and ground tests for an aggregate 35% of the total in the IMTP. FY 2013: 81 CEC/EME possible collection opportunities during flight and ground tests for an aggregate 57% of the total in the IMTP. FY 2014: 94 CEC/EME possible collection opportunities during flight and ground tests for an aggregate 82% of the total in the IMTP. FY 2015: 53 CEC/EME possible collection opportunities during flight and ground tests for an aggregate 97% of the total in the IMTP. FY 2016-2020: 12 CEC/EME possible collection opportunities during flight and ground tests for an aggregate 100% of the total in the IMTP. Proving Missile Defense: Working with the Services` Operational Test Agencies (OTA), with the support of the Director of Operational Test and Evaluation (DOT&E), MDA has developed a test program to improve confidence in missile defense capabilities under development and ensure the capabilities transferred to the war fighter are operationally effective, suitable, and survivable. The BMDS performance evaluation strategy is to develop models and simulations of the BMDS and compare their predictions to empirical data collected through comprehensive flight and ground testing to validate their accuracy, rather than physically testing all possible combinations of BMDS configurations, engagement conditions, and target phenomena. The BMDS test review determined how to validate our models and simulations so that our war fighting commanders have confidence in the predicted performance of the BMDS, especially when those commanders consider employing the BMDS in ways other than originally planned or against threats unknown at this time. The test plan review resulted in a Integrated Master Test Plan (IMTP) that is event-oriented and extends until the collection of all identified data is completed to ensure adequate test investments. The bottom line is that MDA is focused on conducting meaningful ballistic missile testing that rigorously demonstrates the capabilities of the BMDS. Homeland Defense: BMD 3.0E/3.0 - Deliver a LRS&T capability against ballistic missile threats of all ranges in support of GMD engagements. Regional / Theater Defense: BMD 3.6 - Deliver an LRS&T capability against ballistic missile threats of all ranges. Deliver an engagement capability against SRBM to MRBM-class threats. SM-3 Blk IA missile. BMD 3.6.1: Introduce a NTSBT capability against SRBMs (with OPNAV-modified SM-2 Blk IV missile). BMD 4.0.1 - Improve the Weapon System capability to identify and classify Ballistic Missile threat objects from debris and introduce the Aegis BMD BSP. Improve BMDS BMC4I performance, to include engagement coordination with Terminal High Altitude Area Defense (THAAD) and PATRIOT, kill assessment; and missile downlink upgrades for improved kill assessment. Increase battlespace through enhanced Launch on Remote, Aegis to Aegis engagement coordination, and automated planning data exchange with the C2BMC Planner and Maritime Integrated Air and Missile Defense Planning System (MIPS). Support for BMDS Build C functionaility: In Aegis BMD track forwarding and limited peer to peer weapon system engagement coordination, near-term discrimination and Warfighter situational awareness enhancements. Support for BMDS Build D functionality: In Aegis BMD, this functionality includes the upgraded and improved Aegis BMD System (4.0.1 and SM-3 Blk IB) that provides significant improvements to both the RF and IR discrimination enhancing system effectiveness. Additional improvements to Aegis increase its ability to launch SM-3 interceptors on BMD System sensor data and improve Aegis coordination with other BMD weapon systems in the region. Enhanced capability is provided to test, train, and operate the BMD System resulting in higher levels of defensive readiness. Further Aegis improvements provide increased effectiveness against a wide range of Ballistic Missile threats. SM-3 Blk IB - Improve missile capability to identify and target the threat object through the ARO, ASP, and two-color missile seeker. Improve missile kinetic warhead (KW) kinematic performance via the TDACS. BMD 5.0 - Broaden program application for U.S. and potential international Aegis ship population by implementing OA to improve BMDS interoperability, integrate improved BMC4I capabilities, including Navy Multi Band Terminal (NMT) and Advanced EHF (AEHF) Capability. Supports Integrated BMDS Build D improvements such as Aegis Ashore and consequence management in support of the Phased Adaptive Approach (PAA). Future Capability Developments: SCD - Continue U.S./Japan SCD of the SM-3 Blk IIA missile (21-inch diameter SM-3 missile). BMD 5.1 - Integrate the SM-3 Blk IIA missile into the Aegis BMD Weapon System to enable Early Intercept (Organic) operations and Engage on Remote (EoR), and improve track correlation and feature data exchange, as well as BMDS sensor data fusion to increase battlespace. BMD 5.2 - Introduce a more robust SBT capability. This capability transfers to PE 0603891C, Special Programs. Aegis Ashore - Develop the capability to fire an SM-3 missile from a land-base launcher. MiDAESS: MDA will transition from the existing legacy, project-oriented Systems Engineering and Technical Assistance (SETA) contractor construct to an enterprise-wide Advisory and Assistance Services (A&AS) approach to support the BMDS mission. The objectives are to implement national engineering and support services for the BMDS mission across the enterprise, enhance the sharing of ballistic missile defense expertise and knowledge across the Agency, centralize the acquisition of support services manpower in a more efficient manner and reduce Agency overhead cost. A&AS support includes engineering and technical services; studies, analyses, and evaluations; and management and professional services.

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Document Type: R2 Budgetary Justification
Publication Date: Oct 01, 2011
Source ID: 0603892C_4_0400_PB_2011
Change Summary Explanation: In FY 2009, Aegis BMD delta is related to funds transferred to a Procurement, Defense Wide PE per Congressional direction. In FY 2010, SM-3 Block IIA co-development moves to a separate PE per Congressional direction. No FY 2011 data provided in PB10.
Service Agency Name: Missile Defense Agency

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