Space Tracking and Surveillance System
Abstract
With the successful launch of two Space Tracking and Surveillance System (STSS) satellites in 2009, the Agency has on-orbit capability to validate remote sensor and fire control integration to inform the design and operation of future MDA space-layer capabilities, to characterize contribution of space data into the Ballistic Missile Defense System (BMDS) architecture, and to provide sensor measurements and background data supporting trade studies and analyses for future MDA space-layer options in support of sensor development and discrimination improvements for Homeland Defense. Lessons learned from the two STSS satellites are guiding decisions on the development of a fiscally sustainable, continuously available, future operational constellation and ground communications/processing system. STSS is providing risk reduction for future MDA space-layer options models, algorithms, sensors and spacecraft development by providing complex target signatures, interface definition, communications architectures, and performance across threat object acquisition, tracking, and discrimination. STSS also informs the BMDS Concept of Operations, timelines and performance requirements for remote space sensor cuing for ballistic missile engagements, expanding battle space for weapon systems such as Aegis BMD. The goal for STSS satellites is to demonstrate spacebased capabilities including persistent tracking and integrated BMDS discrimination improvements for Homeland Defense. Early missile tracking capability from space provides a cost effective and operationally suitable means of providing global persistent surveillance and engagement, directly addressing the number one missile defense priority need for Combatant Commanders. STSS will emphasize continued research and development to address the more sophisticated threats the Agency expects in the far term by demonstrating technologies that support development and capability delivery of future MDA space-layer options. The STSS satellites demonstrate the ability of a space sensor to provide high precision, real time tracking of missiles and midcourse objects, thus enabling simultaneous regional, theater, and strategic missile defense systems to be cued to track well beyond their organic detection capability. Data from on-going STSS testing has validated the ability to track cold, midcourse objects from space and close the fire control loop with BMDS interceptors. During several MDA flight tests, STSS has provided data in real-time that met the Aegis Missile Defense Systems' Quality of Service data requirements for Remote Engagement Authorized. Finally, STSS provides the means to demonstrate the benefit of future MDA space-layer capabilities which, when combined with radars, will provide robustness against current and advanced countermeasures. The Missile Defense Agency developed, and is using two STSS satellites to demonstrate key functions of space sensors to reduce risk for future MDA space-layer options. STSS testing is funded as part of a capabilities development program and reflected in the Program Element submission. The wealth of data and lessons learned from the STSS satellites efforts continue to provide insights as MDA pursues longer term space sensor needs. Near Field Infrared Experiment (NFIRE) The NFIRE technology project was designed to collect near field phenomenology data for use in developing plume to hard body handover algorithms for boost phase interceptor programs. The NFIRE satellite carries a Laser Communication Terminal, which has been and continues to be used to conduct communication experiments with the German Terra SAR-X satellite. These experiments test low earth orbit satellite-to-ground and satellite-to-satellite capabilities of the terminal for potential incorporation into the Ballistic Missile Defense System. Data products are utilized by multiple programs to improve missile engagement performance. The NFIRE program has an option to execute satellite End-of-Life plans by the end of FY 2015 and initiate safe satellite de-orbit. MD40 Program-Wide Support (PWS) consists of essential non-headquarters management efforts providing integrated and efficient support to the MDA functions and activities across the entire Ballistic Missile Defense System (BMDS).
Document Details
- Document Type
- R2 Budgetary Justification
- Publication Date
- Oct 01, 2016
- Source ID
- 0603893C_4_0400_PB_2016
- Change Summary Explanation
- FY 2015 change reflects Public Law 113-235, FY2015 Omnibus; Consolidated and Further Continuing Appropriations Act. The FY 2016 reduction of $2.065 reflects a realignment of Department of Defense priorities.
- Service Agency Name
- Missile Defense Agency
Entities
Organizations
- Missile Defense Agency
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