NAVSTAR GPS Equipment

Abstract

The mission of the Global Positioning System (GPS) program efforts is to provide assured and protected navigation solutions to the war fighters through supported, affordable, and integrated systems. Research, Development, Testing and Evaluation (RDT&E) funds are used to perform all the non-recurring GPS Surface Ship, Submarine and Aircraft Integration efforts. GPS continues to be integrated in all DoD platforms and the development of enhanced GPS is an urgent national security priority in accordance with US Code - 10USC2281 of 15 November 2005. As stated in the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Instruction (CJCSI) 6130.01D, 2007 Master Positioning, Navigation, and Timing Plan (MPNTP), the "GPS is the primary source of Positioning Navigation and Timing (PNT) information for the DoD." In accordance with OPNAVINST 9420.1B "GPS Precise Positioning Service (PPS) systems shall be used for all combat, combat support, and combat service support operations and training" to provide assured access to accurate position and performance under intentional and unintentional interference. This direction is in keeping with the National Security/Presidential Directive (NSPD)-39 of 15 December 2004 and current solutions are well-supported by numerous studies and analyses that include Defense Science Board Task Force reports (October 2005), the DoD's GPS III System Architecture/Requirements Definition (SA/RD) of January 2003, and various DoD and Navy requirements documents. NAVSTAR Global Positioning System (GPS) project (0921) is a space-based positioning, navigation, and timing (PNT) system that provides authorized users with secure, worldwide, all weather, three dimensional position, velocity, and precise time data. Navy Air and Sea Navigation Warfare (NAVWAR) are major elements of the GPS program. NAVWAR's mission is to provide continued access to GPS information in a denied environment. NAVWAR accomplishes this through the use of modernized User Equipment (UE). Beginning in FY 11, the Global Positioning System (GPS) - Based Positioning, Navigation and Timing (PNT) Service (GPNTS) system will integrate modernized GPS UE being developed by the GPS Wing into a complete NAVWAR solution for Navy surface and subsurface platforms. The GPNTS will be scalable to replace stand-alone WRN-6 systems as well as integrated Navigation Sensor System Interface (NAVSSI) systems. Additionally, future capability will migrate toward a Common Computing Environment (CCE) such as Consolidated Afloat Networks Enterprise Services (CANES). The Naval Research Advisory Committee (NRAC) GPS Vulnerability Study Panel assessed the Navy's GPS Vulnerabilities and recommended specific actions to resolve serious issues to ensure the continued availability of GPS information in a high risk hostile jamming environment. As a result, the Navy Enhanced GPS User Equipment ORD was drafted to address operational requirements. These were validated and the ORD was approved on June 7, 2000. With this beginning, OSD directed the first phase of the Navy's overall GPS upgrade program with RDT&E leading to initial procurements of GPS anti-jam (AJ) antennas beginning in 2001 for aircraft and 2002 for ships. RDT&E continues to support platform integration requirements, Developmental Test/Operational Test (DT/OT), as well as the GPS Wing development of an Advanced Digital Antenna Production (ADAP), the Navy's development of a smaller Anti-Jam (AJ) antenna and a conformal low-observable AJ antenna for aircraft with unique requirements, new technology AJ solutions for submarines), and the integration of AJ protection into handheld receivers. Two similar but separate ACAT III programs (Air and Sea NAVWAR) have been established and have become the basis for the Navy's Air and Sea Navigation Warfare (NAVWAR) programs. The Sea NAVWAR Program is executed in 3 increments. The GPS Antenna System (GAS-1) is integrated on surface platforms in Increment 1. Increment 2 is ADAP. It is an enhanced adaptive AJ antenna system based on advanced digital electronics and digital signal processing planned for surface ship integrations. Increment 3 addresses anti-jam (AJ) capabilities for submarines. The Air NAVWAR program is a single increment with GAS-1, ADAP, and other efforts continuing. The capability production document for Sea NAVWAR Increment 2 (12/08) was approved to support the ADAP development. The primary Global Positioning System (GPS) shipboard receivers fielded on the majority of U.S. Navy ships today include the AN/WRN-6 and the GPS VME Receiver Card (GVRC). These military GPS receivers provide precise Position, Navigation, and Time (PNT) data required for many combat weapons and navigation systems, as well as providing the time synchronization critical to the network environments. The failure of the GPS receiver ultimately means the loss of GPS for the ship and those systems that depend upon it. However, as GPS devices have proliferated throughout the commercial community, it has become more readily available not only to civilians, but to adversaries as well. As a result, even the military GPS Precise Positioning System (PPS) is more vulnerable today to unintentional and intentional jamming. The new security architecture, known as Selective Availability Anti-Spoof Module (SAASM), addresses this vulnerability, and has been mandated for all military combat GPS receiver procurements beginning in FY07. Additionally, the GPS satellite constellation is being modernized to incorporate new GPS signals from space for both military and civilian users (e.g., M-code and L5). While SAASM-capable GPS receivers are available commercially today, they require modification to support the various combat system requirements and interfaces required by the Navy shipboard systems, and will require modification in the future to implement the new GPS modernized signals (expected to become available in FY11). The GPNTS system will be engineered for immediate implementation of SAASM, and will be an open architecture allowing for modification to implement modernized GPS signals when they become available; thus making it backwards and forwards compatible with all GPS systems (e.g., Y code, M code, (C/A) code (YMCA)). Similarly, SAASM is required for GPS receivers in aircraft, and aircraft related SAASM integration and test will be required. The Navy's overall GPS User Equipment upgrade is modernization of all GPS systems on Air and Sea platforms. This will require RDT&E to support the replacement of existing legacy GPS receivers with enhanced capability receivers and antennas based upon and coordinated with the GPS Wing program. These new receivers and antennas will incorporate GPS Wing and Navy directed and developed technology enhancements to support new signals in the maritime domain, in space, enhanced receiver security, aircraft operations within controlled airspace and future weapons, combat, and C4I systems requirements.

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Document Type: Project
Publication Date: Oct 01, 2011
Source ID: 0921_0604777N_5_1319_PB_2011

NAVSTAR GPS Equipment

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