A Low Viscosity Lunar Magma Ocean Forms a Stratified Anorthitic Flotation Crust With Mafic Poor and Rich Units

Abstract

Much of the lunar crust is monomineralic, comprising >98% plagioclase. The prevailing model argues the crust accumulated as plagioclase floated to the surface of a solidifying lunar magma ocean (LMO). Whether >98% pure anorthosites can form in a flotation scenario is debated. An important determinant of the efficiency of plagioclase fractionation is the viscosity of the LMO liquid, which was unconstrained. Here we present results from new experiments conducted on a late LMO‐relevant ferrobasaltic melt. The liquid has an exceptionally low viscosity of to Pa s at experimental conditions (1,300–1,600°C; 0.1–4.4 GPa) and can be modeled by an Arrhenius relation. Extrapolating to LMO‐relevant temperatures, our analysis suggests a low viscosity LMO would form a stratified flotation crust, with the oldest units containing a mafic component and with very pure younger units. Old, impure crust may have been buried by lower crustal diapirs of pure anorthosite in a serial magmatism scenario.

Document Details

Document Type
Pub Defense Publication
Publication Date
Nov 21, 2017
Source ID
10.1002/2017gl075703

Entities

People

  • Edward W. Marshall
  • James E Gardner
  • Jung-Fu Lin
  • Nick Dygert
  • Yoshio Kono

Organizations

  • Carnegie Institution for Science
  • Intelligence Community Postdoctoral Research Fellowship Program
  • National Science Foundation
  • University of Tennessee
  • University of Texas at Austin

Tags

Readers

  • Geotechnical Engineering.
  • Polymer Science and Engineering.
  • Seismology

Technology Areas

  • Space