Earth System Modeling 2.0: A Blueprint for Models That Learn From Observations and Targeted High‐Resolution Simulations
Abstract
Climate projections continue to be marred by large uncertainties, which originate in processes that need to be parameterized, such as clouds, convection, and ecosystems. But rapid progress is now within reach. New computational tools and methods from data assimilation and machine learning make it possible to integrate global observations and local high‐resolution simulations in an Earth system model (ESM) that systematically learns from both and quantifies uncertainties. Here we propose a blueprint for such an ESM. We outline how parameterization schemes can learn from global observations and targeted high‐resolution simulations, for example, of clouds and convection, through matching low‐order statistics between ESMs, observations, and high‐resolution simulations. We illustrate learning algorithms for ESMs with a simple dynamical system that shares characteristics of the climate system; and we discuss the opportunities the proposed framework presents and the challenges that remain to realize it.
Document Details
- Document Type
- Pub Defense Publication
- Publication Date
- Dec 28, 2017
- Source ID
- 10.1002/2017gl076101
Entities
People
- Andrew M. Stuart
- Joao Teixeira
- Shiwei Lan
- Tapio Schneider
Organizations
- California Institute of Technology
- Office of Naval Research