Cyclodextrin Modulated Type I Collagen Self‐Assembly to Engineer Biomimetic Cornea Implants

Abstract

Collagen‐rich tissues in the cornea exhibit unique and highly organized extracellular matrix ultrastructures, which contribute to its high load‐bearing capacity and light transmittance. Corneal collagen fibrils are controlled during development by small leucine‐rich proteoglycans (SLRPs) that regulate the fibril diameter and spacing in order to achieve the unique optical transparency. Cyclodextrins (CDs) of varying size and chemical functionality for their ability to regulate collagen assembly during vitrification process are screened in order to create biosynthetic materials that mimic the native cornea structure. Addition of βCD to collagen vitrigels produces materials with aligned fibers and lamellae similar to native cornea, resulting in mechanically robust and transparent materials. Biochemistry analysis revealed that CD interacts with hydrophobic amino acids in collagen to influence assembly and fibril organization. To translate the self‐assembled collagen materials for cornea reconstruction, custom molds for gelation and vitrification are engineered to create βCD/Col implants with curvature matching that of the cornea. Acellular βCD/Col materials are implanted in a rabbit partial keratoplasty model with interrupted sutures. The implants demonstrate tissue integration and support re‐epithelialization. Therefore, the addition of CD molecules regulates collagen self‐assembly and provides a simple process to engineer corneal mimetic substitutes with advanced structural and functional properties.

Document Details

Document Type
Pub Defense Publication
Publication Date
Aug 17, 2018
Source ID
10.1002/adfm.201804076

Entities

People

  • Anirudha Singh
  • Evangelia‐nefeli Athanasopoulou
  • Francesco Stellacci
  • Jemin Jeremy Chae
  • Jennifer Elisseeff
  • L. Mario Amzel
  • Lucas S. Shores
  • Oliver Schein
  • Qiongyu Guo
  • Shoumyo Majumdar
  • Sven D. Sommerfeld
  • Xiaodong Duan
  • Xiaokun Wang

Organizations

  • Johns Hopkins School of Medicine
  • Johns Hopkins University
  • National Eye Institute
  • Research to Prevent Blindness
  • Southern University of Science and Technology
  • Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne
  • United States Army Materiel Command

Tags

Readers

  • Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry
  • Nanocomposite Materials Science
  • Trauma Surgery or Emergency Medicine.

Technology Areas

  • Biotechnology
  • Space