Advances in 4D Printing: Materials and Applications
Abstract
4D printing has attracted tremendous interest since its first conceptualization in 2013. 4D printing derived from the fast growth and interdisciplinary research of smart materials, 3D printer, and design. Compared with the static objects created by 3D printing, 4D printing allows a 3D printed structure to change its configuration or function with time in response to external stimuli such as temperature, light, water, etc., which makes 3D printing alive. Herein, the material systems used in 4D printing are reviewed, with emphasis on mechanisms and potential applications. After a brief overview of the definition, history, and basic elements of 4D printing, the state‐of‐the‐art advances in 4D printing for shape‐shifting materials are reviewed in detail. Both single material and multiple materials using different mechanisms for shape changing are summarized. In addition, 4D printing of multifunctional materials, such as 4D bioprinting, is briefly introduced. Finally, the trend of 4D printing and the perspectives for this exciting new field are highlighted.
Document Details
- Document Type
- Pub Defense Publication
- Publication Date
- Nov 26, 2018
- Source ID
- 10.1002/adfm.201805290
Entities
People
- Craig M. Hamel
- Devin J. Roach
- H. Jerry Qi
- Jiangtao Wu
- Martin L. Dunn
- Tiejun Wang
- Xiao Kuang
- Zhen Ding
Organizations
- Air Force Office of Scientific Research
- Georgia Tech
- National Science Foundation
- Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology
- University of Colorado
- Xi'an Jiaotong University