Recent Progress on Stability and Passivation of Black Phosphorus
Abstract
From a fundamental science perspective, black phosphorus (BP) is a canonical example of a material that possesses fascinating surface and electronic properties. It has extraordinary in‐plane anisotropic electrical, optical, and vibrational states, as well as a tunable band gap. However, instability of the surface due to chemical degradation in ambient conditions remains a major impediment to its prospective applications. Early studies were limited by the degradation of black phosphorous surfaces in air. Recently, several robust strategies have been developed to mitigate these issues, and these novel developments can potentially allow researchers to exploit the extraordinary properties of this material and devices made out of it. Here, the fundamental chemistry of BP degradation and the tremendous progress made to address this issue are extensively reviewed. Device performances of encapsulated BP are also compared with nonencapsulated BP. In addition, BP possesses sensitive anisotropic photophysical surface properties such as excitons, surface plasmons/phonons, and topologically protected and Dirac semi‐metallic surface states. Ambient degradation as well as any passivation method used to protect the surface could affect the intrinsic surface properties of BP. These properties and the extent of their modifications by both the degradation and passivation are reviewed.
Document Details
- Document Type
- Pub Defense Publication
- Publication Date
- May 11, 2018
- Source ID
- 10.1002/adma.201704749
Entities
People
- Deji Akinwande
- Han Wang
- Michael Snure
- Nirakar Poudel
- Sampath Gamage
- Stephen B Cronin
- Yohannes Abate
Organizations
- Air Force Office of Scientific Research
- Air Force Research Laboratory
- Georgia State University
- National Science Foundation
- United States Department of Energy
- University of Georgia
- University of Southern California
- University of Texas at Austin