The Effect of Mechanical Strain on Lithium Staging in Graphene
Abstract
The development of next‐generation electrodes for metal‐ion batteries requires an understanding of intercalation dynamics in nanomaterials. Herein, it is shown that microscale mechanical strain significantly affects the formation of ordered lithium phases in graphene. In situ Raman spectroscopy of graphene microflakes mechanically constrained at the edge during lithium intercalation reveals a thickness‐dependent increase of up to 1.26 V in the electrochemical potential that induces lithium staging. While the induced mechanical strain energy increases with graphene thickness to the fourth power, its magnitude is small compared to the observed increase in electrochemical energy. It is hypothesized that the mechanical strain energy increases a nucleation barrier for lithium staging, greatly delaying the formation of ordered lithium phases. These results indicate that electrode assembly may critically impact lithium staging dynamics. The present work demonstrates strain engineering in two dimensional (2D) nanomaterials as an effective approach to manipulate phase transitions and chemical reactivity.
Document Details
- Document Type
- Pub Defense Publication
- Publication Date
- Jan 19, 2021
- Source ID
- 10.1002/aelm.202000981
Entities
People
- David J Hynek
- Joshua V Pondick
- Judy J Cha
- Milad Yarali
- Sajad Yazdani
- Serrae N. Reed
Organizations
- Army Research Office
- National Science Foundation
- Yale University