Synthesis and Characterization of 4‐(1,2,4‐Triazole‐5‐yl)furazan Derivatives as High‐Performance Insensitive Energetic Materials
Abstract
3‐Nitro‐4‐(5‐nitro‐1,2,4‐triazol‐3‐yl)furazan (2), N,N′‐bis(trinitroethyl)‐3,5′‐diamino‐4‐(1,2,4‐triazol‐3‐yl)furazan (3), N,N′‐bis(trinitroethyl)‐3,5′‐dinitramino‐4‐(1,2,4‐triazol‐3‐yl)furazan (4) and eighteen nitrogen‐rich salts (5 a, 5 b, 5 d–5 i, 5 g‐1, 6 a–6 i) were designed and synthesized. These 4‐(1,2,4‐triazole‐5‐yl)furazan derivatives were fully characterized by IR and NMR spectra, elemental analysis, and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The solid‐state structures of 2, 5 d, 5 e, 5 h, 5 g‐1, 6 g, and 6 i were confirmed via single crystal X‐ray analysis. Detonation performance (detonation velocities and pressures) of these energetic compounds was evaluated and the impact and friction sensitivities were measured using standard BAM technology. Some of the compounds, for example, 2 (D: 9152 m s−1, P=37.1 GPa) and 4 (D: 9355 m s−1, P=40.1 GPa) exhibit excellent detonation performance, which are comparable to the highly explosive benchmarks such as RDX (D: 8795 m s−1, P=34.9 GPa) and HMX (D: 9144 m s−1, P=39.2 GPa).
Document Details
- Document Type
- Pub Defense Publication
- Publication Date
- Jun 25, 2018
- Source ID
- 10.1002/chem.201801597
Entities
People
- Guangbin Cheng
- Hongwei Yang
- Jean'ne Shreeve
- Jiaheng Zhang
- Zhen Xu
Organizations
- Defense Threat Reduction Agency
- Foshan University
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- National Natural Science Foundation of China
- Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province
- Office of Naval Research
- University of Idaho