Extracellular dynamics of early HIV infection
Abstract
In this paper, we explore the interplay of virus contact rate, virus production rates, and initial viral load during early HIV infection. First, we consider an early HIV infection model formulated as a bivariate branching process and provide conditions for its criticality R0 > 1. Using dimensionless rates, we show that the criticality condition R0 > 1 defines a threshold on the target cell infection rate in terms of the infected cell removal rate and virus production rate. This result has motivated us to introduce two additional models of early HIV infection under the assumption that the virus contact rate is proportional to the target cell infection probability (denoted by ). Using the second model, we show that the length of the eclipse phase of a newly infected host depends on the target cell infection probability, and the corresponding deterministic equations exhibit bistability. Indeed, occurrence of viral invasion in the deterministic dynamics depends on R0 and the initial viral load V0. If the viral load is small enough, eg, V0 ≪ θ, then there will be extinction regardless of the value of R0. On the other hand, if the viral load is large enough, eg, V0 ≫ θ and R0 > 1, then there will be infection. Of note, V0≈θ corresponds to a threshold regime above which virus can invade. Finally, we briefly discuss between‐cell competition of viral strains using a third model. Our findings may help explain the HIV population bottlenecks during within‐host progression and host‐to‐host transmission.
Document Details
- Document Type
- Pub Defense Publication
- Publication Date
- Aug 29, 2018
- Source ID
- 10.1002/mma.5237
Entities
People
- Grzegorz A Rempala
- Marcos A. Capistrán
- Mayra Núñez‐lópez
Organizations
- CIMAT Center for Mathematical Research
- National Science Foundation Division of Mathematical Sciences
- Ohio State University
- United States Department of Defense