A Safer Synthesis of 3,5‐Bis(dinitromethyl)‐1,2,4‐triazole (BDT) and Its Mono and Di Salts: High‐Performance Insensitive Energetic Materials

Abstract

Design and synthesis of new insensitive high‐performance energetic materials are significant because of the demands of both civilian and military applications. Now a straightforward route which does not necessitate the use of 1,1‐diamino‐2,2‐dinitroethene (FOX‐7) as a starting material has been developed to synthesize 3,5‐bis(dinitromethyl)‐1,2,4‐triazole (BDT) and its mono and dianion salts. The X‐ray structure of bis‐ triaminoguanidinium 3,5‐bis(dinitromethyl)‐1,2,4‐triazolate (10) further confirms the structure of this dianion. The gem dinitro carbon results in higher packing coefficients and extensive hydrogen bonding interactions. The experimental densities range from 1.66 to 1.93 g cm−3, detonation velocities from 8347 to 9086 ms−1, and pressures from 27.3 to 38.7 GPa, respectively. Some of these values are superior to those of current benchmark explosives, such as 1,3,5‐trinitroperhydro‐1,3,5‐triazine (RDX).

Document Details

Document Type
Pub Defense Publication
Publication Date
Nov 14, 2017
Source ID
10.1002/prep.201700163

Entities

People

  • Jean'ne Shreeve
  • Srinivas Dharavath

Organizations

  • Defense Threat Reduction Agency
  • M J Murdock Charitable Trust
  • Office of Naval Research
  • University of Idaho

Tags

Fields of Study

  • Chemistry

Readers

  • Combustion Dynamics and Shock Wave Physics.
  • Organic Chemistry
  • Theoretical Analysis.