Systemic DKK1 neutralization enhances human adipose-derived stem cell mediated bone repair

Abstract

Progenitor cells from adipose tissue are able to induce bone repair; however, inconsistent or unreliable efficacy has been reported across preclinical and clinical studies. Soluble inhibitory factors, such as the secreted Wnt signaling antagonists Dickkopf-1 (DKK1), are expressed to variable degrees in human adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs), and may represent a targetable “molecular brake” on ASC mediated bone repair. Here, anti-DKK1 neutralizing antibodies were observed to increase the osteogenic differentiation of human ASCs in vitro, accompanied by increased canonical Wnt signaling. Human ASCs were next engrafted into a femoral segmental bone defect in NOD-Scid mice, with animals subsequently treated with systemic anti-DKK1 or isotype control during the repair process. Human ASCs alone induced significant but modest bone repair. However, systemic anti-DKK1 induced an increase in human ASC engraftment and survival, an increase in vascular ingrowth, and ultimately improved bone repair outcomes. In summary, anti-DKK1 can be used as a method to augment cell-mediated bone regeneration, and could be particularly valuable in the contexts of impaired bone healing such as osteoporotic bone repair.

Document Details

Document Type
Pub Defense Publication
Publication Date
Dec 30, 2020
Source ID
10.1002/sctm.20-0293

Entities

People

  • Aaron W James
  • Abhi Piplani
  • Carolyn A. Meyers
  • Ginny Ching-yun Hsu
  • Jiajia Xu
  • Kristen Broderick
  • Masnsen Cherief
  • Min Lee
  • Qizhi Qin
  • Robert J. Tower
  • Seungyong Lee
  • Stefano Negri
  • Takashi Sono
  • Victoria Yu
  • Yiyun Wang

Organizations

  • American Cancer Society
  • Johns Hopkins University
  • Musculoskeletal Transplant Foundation
  • National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases
  • National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research
  • United States Department of Defense
  • University of California, Los Angeles
  • University of Verona

Tags

Fields of Study

  • Biology
  • Medicine

Readers

  • Immunology and Pathology
  • Oncology (Cancer Research).
  • Trauma Surgery or Emergency Medicine.

Technology Areas

  • Biotechnology
  • Biotechnology - Cancer Biotech