Dynamic MAIT cell response with progressively enhanced innateness during acute HIV-1 infection
Abstract
Mucosa-associated invariant T (MAIT) cell loss in chronic HIV-1 infection is a significant insult to antimicrobial immune defenses. Here we investigate the response of MAIT cells during acute HIV-1 infection utilizing the RV217 cohort with paired longitudinal pre- and post-infection samples. MAIT cells are activated and expand in blood and mucosa coincident with peak HIV-1 viremia, in a manner associated with emerging microbial translocation. This is followed by a phase with elevated function as viral replication is controlled to a set-point level, and later by their functional decline at the onset of chronic infection. Interestingly, enhanced innate-like pathways and characteristics develop progressively in MAIT cells during infection, in parallel with TCR repertoire alterations. These findings delineate the dynamic MAIT cell response to acute HIV-1 infection, and show how the MAIT compartment initially responds and expands with enhanced function, followed by progressive reprogramming away from TCR-dependent antibacterial responses towards innate-like functionality.
Document Details
- Document Type
- Pub Defense Publication
- Publication Date
- Jan 14, 2020
- Source ID
- 10.1038/s41467-019-13975-9
Entities
People
- Alexandra Schuetz
- Barbara L Shacklett
- Bonnie M. Slike
- Carlo Sacdalan
- Diane L Bolton
- Dohoon Kim
- Dominic Paquin Proulx
- Edwin Leeansyah
- Hannah Kibuuka
- Jintanat Ananworanich
- Joana Dias
- Johan K Sandberg
- Josphat Kosgei
- Kerri G Lal
- Leigh Anne Eller
- Lucas Maganga
- Margaret C. Costanzo
- Matthew Creegan
- Merlin L Robb
- Michael A Eller
- Nelson Michael
- Shelly J. Krebs
- Sorachai Nitayaphan
- Yuwadee Phuang-ngern
Organizations
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases
- Swedish Cancer Society
- Swedish Research Council
- United States Department of Defense