Enhancing second-harmonic generation with electron spill-out at metallic surfaces

Abstract

Second-order nonlinear optical processes do not manifest in the bulk of centrosymmetric materials, but may occur in the angstroms-thick layer at surfaces. At such length scales, quantum mechanical effects come into play which could be crucial for an accurate description of plasmonic systems. In this article, we develop a theoretical model based on the quantum hydrodynamic description to study free-electron nonlinear dynamics in plasmonic systems. Our model predicts strong resonances induced by the spill-out of electron density at the metal surface. We show that these resonances can boost second-harmonic generation efficiency up to four orders of magnitude and can be arbitrarily tuned by controlling the electron spill-out at the metal surface with the aid of thin dielectric layers. These results offer a possibility to artificially increase nonlinear susceptibilities by engineering optical properties at the quantum level.

Document Details

Document Type
Pub Defense Publication
Publication Date
Nov 20, 2020
Source ID
10.1038/s42005-020-00477-0

Entities

People

  • Cristian Ciracì
  • Muhammad Khalid

Organizations

  • Air Force Office of Scientific Research

Tags

Fields of Study

  • Physics

Readers

  • Materials Science and Engineering.
  • Nanofabrication and Microfabrication.
  • Quantum spin resonance or Electron Paramagnetic Resonance spectroscopy.

Technology Areas

  • Microelectronics
  • Microelectronics - Graphene
  • Quantum Computing