Polyclonal breast cancer metastases arise from collective dissemination of keratin 14-expressing tumor cell clusters
Abstract
Conventional models of cancer progression propose that single cells leave the primary tumor, enter the circulation, and seed clonal metastases. However, metastases can contain multiple clones, raising the question: How do polyclonal metastases form? We demonstrate that cancer cells seed distant organs as cohesive clusters, composed of two molecularly distinct subpopulations, whose proportions vary systematically during metastasis. We establish that collective dissemination is a frequent mechanism for metastasis and identify a molecular program in the most invasive, keratin 14 + (K14 + ) cancer cells, regulating cell–cell adhesion, cell–matrix adhesion, and immune evasion. We demonstrate that this metastatic phenotype is dependent upon K14 expression. Understanding the molecular basis of collective dissemination may therefore enable novel prognostics and therapies to improve patient outcomes.
Document Details
- Document Type
- Pub Defense Publication
- Publication Date
- Feb 01, 2016
- Source ID
- 10.1073/pnas.1508541113
Entities
People
- Amanda N. Fairchild
- Andrew J Ewald
- James E. Verdone
- Joel S. Bader
- Joshua D. Cohen
- Kenneth J. Pienta
- Kevin J. Cheung
- Koen Schipper
- Michael A. Gorin
- Vanesa Silvestri
- Veena Padmanaban
Organizations
- American Cancer Society
- Burroughs Wellcome Fund
- Congressionally Directed Medical Research Programs
- Johns Hopkins School of Medicine
- Johns Hopkins University
- National Cancer Institute
- The Breast Cancer Research Foundation