Relationship between thermoelectric figure of merit and energy conversion efficiency
Abstract
Thermoelectric materials generate electricity from temperature gradients. The dimensionless figure of merit, ZT = S 2 ρ −1 κ −1 T , is calculated from the Seebeck coefficient ( S ), electrical resistivity ( ρ ), and thermal conductivity ( κ ). The calculated efficiency based on ZT using the conventional formula is not reliable in some cases due to the assumption of temperature-independent S , ρ , and κ . We established a new efficiency formula by introducing an engineering figure of merit ( ZT ) eng and an engineering power factor ( PF ) eng to predict reliably and accurately the efficiency of materials at a large temperature difference between the hot and cold sides, unlike the conventional ZT and PF providing performance only at specific temperatures. These new formulas will profoundly impact the search for new thermoelectric materials.
Document Details
- Document Type
- Pub Defense Publication
- Publication Date
- Jun 22, 2015
- Source ID
- 10.1073/pnas.1510231112
Entities
People
- Ching-Wu Chu
- Gang Chen
- Hee Seok Kim
- Weishu Liu
- Zhifeng Ren
Organizations
- Air Force Office of Scientific Research
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology
- United States Department of Energy
- University of Houston