Moderate resistance exercise improves the metabolic profile of adipose tissue in a model of disuse
Abstract
Treatment of trauma and several other maladies requires patient immobilization and restriction of physical activity, which can result in impaired metabolic health. In contrast to physical immobilization, physical activity and exercise improves metabolic health. Using a rodent model of disuse (hindlimb unloading) combined with resistance exercise, we determined if moderate resistance exercise could negate the effects of disuse on the metabolic profile of white adipose tissue (WAT). Male rats were assigned to four groups 1) Ambulatory No Exercise (ANE); 2) Ambulatory Exercise (AE); 3) Hindlimb Unloaded No Exercise (HUNE); 4) Hindlimb Unloaded Exercise (HUE). All rats completed a 10‐day pre‐training resistance exercise regiment prior to random group assignments. HUNE and HUE animals were placed in a tail traction system with their hindlimbs unloaded and were followed for 14 days. Animals designated to AE or HUE groups exercised for 14 days. At day 14, plasma and tissue samples were collected and analyzed. Resistance exercise resulted in a decrease in body mass in the ambulatory animals (AE vs. ANE), and hindlimb unloading significantly decreased body mass compared to ambulatory animals (HUNE and HUE vs. ANE and AE), but there was no additive effect of exercise on body mass (HUNE vs. HUE). Hindlimb unloading reduced hindlimb muscle mass (ANE and AE vs. HUNE and HUE), and resistance exercise partially restored soleus mass in the hindlimb unloaded animals (HUNE vs. HUE). Total white adipose tissue mass (WAT), perigonadal WAT (pgWAT) mass, and subcutaneous WAT (scWAT) mass and adipocyte size were significantly reduced in response to both exercise and hindlimb unloading. Expression of genes and proteins in scWAT involved in fatty acid oxidation and glucose metabolism were significantly increased with exercise (ANE vs. AE), reduced with hindlimb unloading (ANE vs. HUNE), and restored with exercise in the hindlimb unloaded animals (HUNE vs. HUE). In conclusion, these data indicate that moderate resistance exercise improves the metabolic profile of both pgWAT and scWAT in both the ambulatory state and in an animal model of disuse, providing a novel therapeutic benefit for the bed rest patients.
Document Details
- Document Type
- Pub Defense Publication
- Publication Date
- Apr 01, 2017
- Source ID
- 10.1096/fasebj.31.1_supplement.1020.29
Entities
People
- Charles E Wade
- Devin Sindeldecker
- Johan Harris
- Kristin I. Stanford
- Lisa A. Baer
Organizations
- Ohio State University
- United States Army Medical Research and Development Command
- University of Texas at Austin