Dysregulation of Mdm2 and Mdm4 alternative splicing underlies motor neuron death in spinal muscular atrophy
Abstract
Ubiquitous deficiency in the survival motor neuron (SMN) protein causes death of motor neurons—a hallmark of the neurodegenerative disease spinal muscular atrophy (SMA)—through poorly understood mechanisms. Here, we show that the function of SMN in the assembly of spliceosomal small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs) regulates alternative splicing of Mdm2 and Mdm4, two nonredundant repressors of p53. Decreased inclusion of critical Mdm2 and Mdm4 exons is most prominent in SMA motor neurons and correlates with both snRNP reduction and p53 activation in vivo. Importantly, increased skipping of Mdm2 and Mdm4 exons regulated by SMN is necessary and sufficient to synergistically elicit robust p53 activation in wild-type mice. Conversely, restoration of full-length Mdm2 and Mdm4 suppresses p53 induction and motor neuron degeneration in SMA mice. These findings reveal that loss of SMN-dependent regulation of Mdm2 and Mdm4 alternative splicing underlies p53-mediated death of motor neurons in SMA, establishing a causal link between snRNP dysfunction and neurodegeneration.
Document Details
- Document Type
- Pub Defense Publication
- Publication Date
- Jul 16, 2018
- Source ID
- 10.1101/gad.316059.118
Entities
People
- Christian M. Simon
- George Z. Mentis
- Lamya S. Shihabuddin
- Livio Pellizzoni
- Meaghan Van Alstyne
- S Pablo Sardi
Organizations
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke
- United States Department of Defense