Neuronal oscillations on an ultra‐slow timescale: daily rhythms in electrical activity and gene expression in the mammalian master circadian clockwork

Abstract

Neuronal oscillations of the brain, such as those observed in the cortices and hippocampi of behaving animals and humans, span across wide frequency bands, from slow delta waves (0.1 Hz) to ultra‐fast ripples (600 Hz). Here, we focus on ultra‐slow neuronal oscillators in the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN), the master daily clock that operates on interlocking transcription‐translation feedback loops to produce circadian rhythms in clock gene expression with a period of near 24 h (SCN neurons, exhibiting an up‐state during the day and a down‐state at night. In turn, the membrane activity feeds back to regulate the oscillatory activity of clock gene programs. In this review, we emphasise the circadian processes that drive daily electrical oscillations in SCN neurons, and highlight how mathematical modelling contributes to our increasing understanding of circadian rhythm generation, synchronisation and communication within this hypothalamic region and across other brain circuits.

Document Details

Document Type
Pub Defense Publication
Publication Date
Feb 19, 2018
Source ID
10.1111/ejn.13856

Entities

People

  • Casey O Diekman
  • Mino D C Belle

Organizations

  • National Science Foundation
  • New Jersey Institute of Technology
  • United States Army Research Laboratory
  • University of Exeter

Tags

Fields of Study

  • Biology

Readers

  • Control Systems Engineering.
  • Neuroscience