Instruction manual for the ILAE 2017 operational classification of seizure types
Abstract
This companion paper to the introduction of the International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) 2017 classification of seizure types provides guidance on how to employ the classification. Illustration of the classification is enacted by tables, a glossary of relevant terms, mapping of old to new terms, suggested abbreviations, and examples. Basic and extended versions of the classification are available, depending on the desired degree of detail. Key signs and symptoms of seizures (semiology) are used as a basis for categories of seizures that are focal or generalized from onset or with unknown onset. Any focal seizure can further be optionally characterized by whether awareness is retained or impaired. Impaired awareness during any segment of the seizure renders it a focal impaired awareness seizure. Focal seizures are further optionally characterized by motor onset signs and symptoms: atonic, automatisms, clonic, epileptic spasms, or hyperkinetic, myoclonic, or tonic activity. Nonmotor‐onset seizures can manifest as autonomic, behavior arrest, cognitive, emotional, or sensory dysfunction. The earliest prominent manifestation defines the seizure type, which might then progress to other signs and symptoms. Focal seizures can become bilateral tonic–clonic. Generalized seizures engage bilateral networks from onset. Generalized motor seizure characteristics comprise atonic, clonic, epileptic spasms, myoclonic, myoclonic–atonic, myoclonic–tonic–clonic, tonic, or tonic–clonic. Nonmotor (absence) seizures are typical or atypical, or seizures that present prominent myoclonic activity or eyelid myoclonia. Seizures of unknown onset may have features that can still be classified as motor, nonmotor, tonic–clonic, epileptic spasms, or behavior arrest. This “users’ manual” for the ILAE 2017 seizure classification will assist the adoption of the new system.
Document Details
- Document Type
- Pub Defense Publication
- Publication Date
- Mar 08, 2017
- Source ID
- 10.1111/epi.13671
Entities
People
- Andreas Schulze‐bonhage
- Carol D'souza
- Edouard Hirsch
- Eliane Roulet Perez
- Elza Márcia Yacubian
- Ernest Somerville
- Floor E. Jansen
- Ingrid E. Scheffer
- J. Helen Cross
- Jacqueline A. French
- Jukka Peltola
- Lieven Lagae
- Michael R Sperling
- Norimichi Higurashi
- Robert S Fisher
- Sameer M. Zuberi
- Sheryl R. Haut
- Solomon L. Moshé
Organizations
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine
- CURE Childhood Cancer
- Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency
- Eisai
- Elsevier
- Epilepsy Research UK
- Glasgow Children's Hospital Charity
- Jikei University School of Medicine
- Lundbeck Foundation
- Medtronic plc
- Montefiore Medical Center
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke
- National Institutes of Health
- National Science Foundation
- Pfizer
- Tampere University Hospital
- Thomas Jefferson University
- UH Cleveland Medical Center
- United States Department of Defense
- Universidade Católica de Brasília
- University College London
- University Medical Center Freiburg
- University of Glasgow
- University of Melbourne
- University of New South Wales