The effects of external fields in ceramic sintering
Abstract
Field‐assisted processing techniques can enhance the kinetics of powder synthesis, accelerate sintering processes, and drive phase transformations at significantly lower temperatures compared to conventional methods. However, the exact nature of this nonthermal interaction between field and matter remains vastly speculative. A 2‐day workshop on “Electromagnetic Effects in Materials Synthesis” was organized at Carnegie Mellon University (Pittsburgh, USA) in June 2017, jointly sponsored by the U.S. National Science Foundation and the U.S. Office of Naval Research. This workshop gathered the scientific community working on field‐assisted techniques of materials processing. Inspired by the discussions held at the workshop, this paper summarizes the advancements to date and opens scientific questions and research opportunities in the three major field‐assisted sintering techniques (laser, microwave, and flash sintering). Significant challenges remain in (a) experimental design, measurements, and computational simulations to distinguish the nonthermal effects of the externally applied fields from conventional thermal phenomena; and (b) identifying fundamental mechanisms behind low temperature, nonthermal effects that produce phase transitions and microstructural evolution in materials under externally applied fields. We also present the recent developments in multiscale characterization techniques and the theory and modeling efforts, which aim to tackle the aforementioned grand multidisciplinary challenges facing researchers.
Document Details
- Document Type
- Pub Defense Publication
- Publication Date
- Sep 28, 2018
- Source ID
- 10.1111/jace.16061
Entities
People
- B. Reeja‐Jayan
- Costas P Grigoropoulos
- Edwin García
- Haiyan Wang
- Jian Luo
- Shikhar Krishn Jha
- Xin Li Phuah
Organizations
- Air Force Office of Scientific Research
- Carnegie Mellon University
- National Science Foundation
- Office of Naval Research
- Purdue University
- University of California, San Diego