Rational learners and metaethics: Universalism, relativism, and evidence from consensus

Abstract

Recent work in folk metaethics finds a correlation between perceived consensus about a moral claim and meta‐ethical judgments about whether the claim is universally or only relatively true. We argue that consensus can provide evidence for meta‐normative claims, such as whether a claim is universally true. We then report several experiments indicating that people use consensus to make inferences about whether a claim is universally true. This suggests that people's beliefs about relativism and universalism are partly guided by evidence‐based reasoning. In a final study, we show that the rejection of universalism does not generate a simple subjectivism but is associated with a more moderate relativism on which highly atypical positions are regarded as mistaken.

Document Details

Document Type
Pub Defense Publication
Publication Date
Apr 03, 2019
Source ID
10.1111/mila.12232

Entities

People

  • Alisabeth Ayars
  • Shaun Nichols

Organizations

  • Office of Naval Research
  • Princeton University
  • University of Arizona

Tags

Fields of Study

  • Philosophy
  • Psychology

Readers

  • Educational Psychology
  • Emergency Management and Homeland Security.
  • Phased Array Antenna Design.

Technology Areas

  • AI & ML