Pregnancy rate and biomarker validations from the blubber of eastern North Pacific blue whales

Abstract

Hormonal biomarkers are useful indicators of mammalian reproductive and metabolic states. The present study validated and applied the use of progesterone and cortisol blubber assays for studies of blue whales from the Gulf of California, Mexico. In a validation study for pregnancy detection, blubber progesterone concentrations were correlated with pregnancy status for four female blue whales: three resighted with a calf the year following sampling and the fourth stranded with a fetus. The progesterone concentrations were significantly higher than those measured in juvenile whales (n = 3). In the application study, blubber samples from blue whales (51 noncalf females, 2 female calves, 48 noncalf males, and 1 male calf) with known sighting histories were analyzed. Putative pregnant females had elevated progesterone concentrations. Cortisol concentrations did not differ between male and female blue whales, or among females in different reproductive classes. After correcting for uncertain ages, hence maturity status, the pregnancy rate of noncalf females was 33.4% (95% CI 32.2%–34.3%). Although interpretation of hormone biomarkers must consider all physiological states that may influence progesterone concentrations, these results demonstrate the utility of pairing hormone biomarkers with sighting histories to help assess environmental or anthropogenic impacts on reproduction in blue whales.

Document Details

Document Type
Pub Defense Publication
Publication Date
May 28, 2019
Source ID
10.1111/mms.12616

Entities

People

  • Diane Gendron
  • Kendall L. Mashburn
  • Luis E. Enriquez‐paredes
  • Robert L. Brownell Jr.
  • Shannon Atkinson
  • Trevor A. Branch
  • Valentina Melica

Organizations

  • Autonomous University of Baja California
  • National Marine Fisheries Service
  • National Polytechnic Institute
  • Office of Naval Research
  • University of Alaska Fairbanks
  • University of Washington

Tags

Fields of Study

  • Environmental science

Readers

  • Gender and Food Studies
  • Marine Mammal Biology
  • Oncology and Biomarker-Based Cancer Detection.