A comparative review of evaporative dry eye disease and meibomian gland dysfunction in dogs and humans
Abstract
Dry eye disease is a complex ophthalmic disorder that consists of two main subtypes, aqueous deficient dry eye (ADDE) and evaporative dry eye disease (EDED). Due to the complex underlying physiology, human dry eye disease can be difficult to model in laboratory animal species. Thus, the identification and characterization of a spontaneous large animal model of dry eye disease is desirable. Dogs have been described as an ideal spontaneous model of ADDE due to the similar pathophysiology between dogs and humans. Recently, EDED and meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) have been increasingly recognized and reported in dogs. These reports on EDED and MGD in dogs have identified similarities in pathophysiology, clinical presentations, and diagnostic parameters to humans with the comparable disorders. Additionally, the tests that are used to diagnose EDED and MGD in humans are more easily applicable to dogs than to laboratory species due to the comparable globe sizes between dogs and humans. The reported response of dogs to EDED and MGD therapies are similar to humans, suggesting that they would be a valuable preclinical model for the development of additional therapeutics. Further research and clinical awareness of EDED and MGD in dogs would increase their ability to be utilized as a preclinical model, improving the positive predictive value of therapeutics for EDED and MGD in both humans and dogs.
Document Details
- Document Type
- Pub Defense Publication
- Publication Date
- Feb 14, 2023
- Source ID
- 10.1111/vop.13066
Entities
People
- Anat Galor
- Brian C Leonard
- Erin A. Hisey
Organizations
- National Eye Institute
- National Institutes of Health
- Research to Prevent Blindness
- United States Department of Defense
- United States Department of Veterans Affairs
- University of California, Davis
- University of Miami