Animal Orientation Affects Brain Biomechanical Responses to Blast-Wave Exposure
Abstract
In this study, we investigated how animal orientation within a shock tube influences the biomechanical responses of the brain and cerebral vasculature of a rat when exposed to a blast wave. Using three-dimensional finite element (FE) models, we computed the biomechanical responses when the rat was exposed to the same blast-wave overpressure (100 kPa) in a prone (P), vertical (V), or head-only (HO) orientation. We validated our model by comparing the model-predicted and the experimentally measured brain pressures at the lateral ventricle. For all three orientations, the maximum difference between the predicted and measured pressures was 11%. Animal orientation markedly influenced the predicted peak pressure at the anterior position along the midsagittal plane of the brain (P = 187 kPa; V = 119 kPa; and HO = 142 kPa). However, the relative differences in the predicted peak pressure between the orientations decreased at the medial (21%) and posterior (7%) positions. In contrast to the pressure, the peak strain in the prone orientation relative to the other orientations at the anterior, medial, and posterior positions was 40–88% lower. Similarly, at these positions, the cerebral vasculature strain in the prone orientation was lower than the strain in the other orientations. These results show that animal orientation in a shock tube influences the biomechanical responses of the brain and the cerebral vasculature of the rat, strongly suggesting that a direct comparison of changes in brain tissue observed from animals exposed at different orientations can lead to incorrect conclusions.
Document Details
- Document Type
- Pub Defense Publication
- Publication Date
- Mar 04, 2021
- Source ID
- 10.1115/1.4049889
Entities
People
- Aravind Sundaramurthy
- Dhananjay Radhakrishnan Subramaniam
- Ginu Unnikrishnan
- Haojie Mao
- Jaques Reifman
- Jose E. Rubio
- Joseph Long
- Stephen Van Albert
- Venkata Siva Sai Sujith Sajja
Organizations
- United States Department of Defense