Three-dimensional acoustic propagation effects induced by the sea ice canopy
Abstract
This work examines three-dimensional (3D) propagation caused by interaction with the sea ice canopy using an approximate normal mode/parabolic equation hybrid model. The effects of horizontal refraction are assessed through comparison of two-dimensional (2D) and 3D solutions for the modal amplitudes and depth-averaged transmission loss. The following 3D effects are described: diffraction of sound into shadow zones behind ice keels, horizontal defocusing of sound behind ice keels, and horizontal focusing of sound that has propagated between ice keels. A statistical analysis shows that the 3D solution is characterized by 20% greater variance in the depth-averaged transmission loss than the 2D solution.
Document Details
- Document Type
- Pub Defense Publication
- Publication Date
- Oct 01, 2019
- Source ID
- 10.1121/1.5129554
Entities
People
- Megan S. Ballard
Organizations
- Office of Naval Research
- University of Texas at Austin