Impact of Měnglà Virus Proteins on Human and Bat Innate Immune Pathways
Abstract
EBOV and MARV, members of the family Filoviridae , are highly pathogenic zoonotic viruses that cause severe disease in humans. Both viruses use several mechanisms to modulate the host innate immune response, and these likely contribute to the severity of disease. Here, we demonstrate that MLAV, a filovirus newly discovered in a bat, suppresses antiviral type I interferon responses in both human and bat cells. Inhibitory activities are possessed by MLAV VP35 and VP40, which parallels how MARV blocks IFN responses. However, whereas MARV activates cellular antioxidant responses through an interaction between its VP24 protein and host protein Keap1, MLAV VP24 lacks a Keap1-binding motif and fails to activate this cytoprotective response. These data indicate that MLAV possesses immune-suppressing functions that could facilitate human infection. They also support the placement of MLAV in a different genus than either EBOV or MARV.
Document Details
- Document Type
- Pub Defense Publication
- Publication Date
- Jun 16, 2020
- Source ID
- 10.1128/jvi.00191-20
Entities
People
- Caroline G. Williams
- Christopher F Basler
- Joyce Sweeney Gibbons
- Megan R. Edwards
- Priya Luthra
- Timothy R. Keiffer
Organizations
- Defense Threat Reduction Agency
- Georgia State University
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases