Microbiome and immune-mediated dry eye: a review
Abstract
In this review, we aim to summarise key articles that explore relationships between the gut and ocular surface microbiomes (OSMs) and immune-mediated dry eye. The gut microbiome has been linked to the immune system by way of stimulating or mitigating a proinflammatory or anti-inflammatory lymphocyte response, which may play a role in the severity of autoimmune diseases. Although the ‘normal’ gut microbiome varies among individuals and demographics, certain autoimmune diseases have been associated with characteristic gut microbiome changes. Less information is available on relationships between the OSM and dry eye. However, microbiome manipulation in multiple compartments has emerged as a therapeutic strategy, via diet, prebiotics and probiotics and faecal microbial transplant, in individuals with various autoimmune diseases, including immune-mediated dry eye.
Document Details
- Document Type
- Pub Defense Publication
- Publication Date
- Jun 01, 2022
- Source ID
- 10.1136/bmjophth-2021-000956
Entities
People
- Anat Galor
- Arjun Watane
- Kara Cavuoto
- Shyamal Raolji
Organizations
- National Eye Institute
- Research to Prevent Blindness
- United States Department of Defense
- United States Department of Veterans Affairs