Scaling the Laws of Thermal Imaging–Based Whale Detection

Abstract

Marine mammals are under growing pressure as anthropogenic use of the ocean increases. Ship strikes of large whales and loud underwater sound sources including air guns for marine geophysical prospecting and naval midfrequency sonar are criticized for their possible negative effects on marine mammals. Competent authorities regularly require the implementation of mitigation measures, including vessel speed reductions or shutdown of acoustic sources if marine mammals are sighted in sensitive areas or in predefined exclusion zones around a vessel. To ensure successful mitigation, reliable at-sea detection of animals is crucial. To date, ship-based marine mammal observers are the most commonly implemented detection method; however, thermal (IR) imaging–based automatic detection systems have been used in recent years. This study evaluates thermal imaging–based automatic whale detection technology for its use across different oceans. The performance of this technology is characterized with respect to environmental conditions, and an automatic detection algorithm for whale blows is presented. The technology can detect whales in polar, temperate, and subtropical ocean regimes over distances of up to several kilometers and outperforms marine mammal observers in the number of whales detected. These results show that thermal imaging technology can be used to assist in providing protection for marine mammals against ship strike and acoustic impact across the world’s oceans.

Document Details

Document Type
Pub Defense Publication
Publication Date
May 01, 2020
Source ID
10.1175/jtech-d-19-0054.1

Entities

People

  • Alejandro Cammareri
  • Andrew K Davis
  • Aude Pacini
  • Caterina Lanfredi
  • Daniel Paranhos Zitterbart
  • Elke Burkhardt
  • Hanna Michel
  • Heather R. Smith
  • Joe Beland
  • Kylie Owen
  • Louise Bennett
  • Meike Holst
  • Michael Flau
  • Michael J Noad
  • Olaf Boebel
  • Sebastian Richter

Organizations

  • Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research
  • Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
  • Murdoch University
  • Office of Naval Research
  • Polytechnic University of Milan
  • University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa
  • University of Queensland
  • Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution

Tags

Fields of Study

  • Environmental science

Readers

  • Acoustical Oceanography.
  • Marine Mammal Biology
  • Sensor Fusion and Tracking Systems.