Cognitive Reflection and the 2016 U.S. Presidential Election

Abstract

We present a large exploratory study ( N = 15,001) investigating the relationship between cognitive reflection and political affiliation, ideology, and voting in the 2016 Presidential Election. We find that Trump voters are less reflective than Clinton voters or third-party voters. However, much (although not all) of this difference was driven by Democrats who chose Trump. Among Republicans, conversely, Clinton and Trump voters were similar, whereas third-party voters were more reflective. Furthermore, although Democrats/liberals were somewhat more reflective than Republicans/conservatives overall, political moderates and nonvoters were least reflective, whereas libertarians were most reflective. Thus, beyond the previously theorized correlation between analytic thinking and liberalism, these data suggest three additional consequences of reflectiveness (or lack thereof) for political cognition: (a) facilitating political apathy versus engagement, (b) supporting the adoption of orthodoxy versus heterodoxy, and (c) drawing individuals toward candidates who share their cognitive style and toward policy proposals that are intuitively compelling.

Document Details

Document Type
Pub Defense Publication
Publication Date
Jul 09, 2018
Source ID
10.1177/0146167218783192

Entities

People

  • David G. Rand
  • Gordon Pennycook

Organizations

  • Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency
  • John Templeton Foundation
  • Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council
  • Yale University

Tags

Fields of Study

  • Psychology

Readers

  • International Relations and Conflict Resolution
  • Political Violence and Terrorism Studies.
  • Systems Analysis and Design