The immune remodel: Weight loss-mediated inflammatory changes to obesity
Abstract
Obesity is an escalating world problem that contributes to the complexity and cost of treatment of metabolic disorders. Obesity is the result of increased storage of energy in the form of adipose tissue, reducing the quality of daily life, and interfering with longevity. Obesity is also a chronic, low-grade inflammatory disorder. The inflammatory processes affect many organ systems with expanded numbers of immune cells and increased cytokine production. Long-term weight loss is difficult to achieve and maintain. Lifestyle modifications, pharmacologic treatments, and surgical methods are increasingly utilized to ameliorate excess body weight and the comorbidities of obesity, such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, dyslipidemia, and cancers. Weight loss is also touted to reduce inflammation. Here we review the current literature on human obesity-related systemic and local changes to the immune system and circulating inflammatory mediators. Further, we consider the impact of weight loss to reduce the burden of inflammation, bearing in mind the different methods of weight loss—behavioral change vs. surgical intervention.
Document Details
- Document Type
- Pub Defense Publication
- Publication Date
- Jan 01, 2020
- Source ID
- 10.1177/1535370219900185
Entities
People
- Bernadette E Grayson
- Charles L. Phillips
Organizations
- National Institute of General Medical Sciences
- United States Department of Defense
- University of Mississippi