Roles of TET and TDG in DNA demethylation in proliferating and non-proliferating immune cells
Abstract
TET enzymes mediate DNA demethylation by oxidizing 5-methylcytosine (5mC) in DNA to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), 5-formylcytosine (5fC), and 5-carboxylcytosine (5caC). Since these oxidized methylcytosines (oxi-mCs) are not recognized by the maintenance methyltransferase DNMT1, DNA demethylation can occur through “passive,” replication-dependent dilution when cells divide. A distinct, replication-independent (“active”) mechanism of DNA demethylation involves excision of 5fC and 5caC by the DNA repair enzyme thymine DNA glycosylase (TDG), followed by base excision repair.
Document Details
- Document Type
- Pub Defense Publication
- Publication Date
- Jun 22, 2021
- Source ID
- 10.1186/s13059-021-02384-1
Entities
People
- Alfonso Bellacosa
- Anjana Rao
- Atsushi Onodera
- Chan-Wang Joaquim Lio
- Edahí González‐Avalos
- Romain O. Georges
- Toshinori Nakayama
Organizations
- Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
- National Institutes of Health
- United States Department of Defense