TDP-43 dysfunction results in R-loop accumulation and DNA replication defects

Abstract

TDP-43 is an RNA binding protein whose aggregation is a hallmark of the neurodegenerative disorders amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia. TDP-43 loss increases DNA damage and compromises cell viability, but the actual function of TDP-43 in preventing genome instability remains unclear. Here, we show that loss of TDP-43 increases R-loop formation in a transcription-dependent manner and results in DNA replication stress. TDP-43 nucleic-acid binding and self-assembly activities are important in inhibiting R-loop accumulation and preserving normal DNA replication. We also find that TDP-43 cytoplasmic aggregation impairs TDP-43 function in R-loop regulation. Furthermore, increased R-loop accumulation and DNA damage is observed in neurons upon loss of TDP-43. Together, our findings indicate that TDP-43 function and normal protein homeostasis are critical in maintaining genomic stability through a co-transcriptional process that prevents aberrant R-loop accumulation. We propose that the increased R-loop formation and genomic instability associated with TDP-43 loss are linked to the pathogenesis of TDP-43 proteinopathies.

Document Details

Document Type
Pub Defense Publication
Publication Date
Jan 01, 2020
Source ID
10.1242/jcs.244129

Entities

People

  • Albert A Davis
  • Alessandro Vindigni
  • Annabel Quinet
  • Matthew Wood
  • Philippe Pasero
  • Yea-lih Lin
  • Yuna M Ayala

Organizations

  • Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center
  • National Institutes of Health
  • Saint Louis University
  • United States Department of Defense
  • University of Montpellier
  • Washington University in St. Louis

Tags

Fields of Study

  • Biology

Readers

  • Molecular and genetic basis of cancer.
  • Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) and Cognitive Aging in the Guam and Border Populations Affected by Alzheimer's Disease and Tau-Associated Dementias.

Technology Areas

  • Biotechnology