Gauge-independent emission spectra and quantum correlations in the ultrastrong coupling regime of open system cavity-QED
Abstract
A quantum dipole interacting with an optical cavity is one of the key models in cavity quantum electrodynamics (cavity-QED). To treat this system theoretically, the typical approach is to truncate the dipole to two levels. However, it has been shown that in the ultrastrong-coupling regime, this truncation naively destroys gauge invariance. By truncating in a manner consistent with the gauge principle, we introduce master equations for open systems to compute gauge-invariant emission spectra, photon flux rates, and quantum correlation functions which show significant disagreement with previous results obtained using the standard quantum Rabi model. Explicit examples are shown using both the dipole gauge and the Coulomb gauge.
Document Details
- Document Type
- Pub Defense Publication
- Publication Date
- Mar 02, 2022
- Source ID
- 10.1515/nanoph-2021-0718
Entities
People
- Alessio Settineri
- Chris Gustin
- David Zueco
- Franco Nori
- Omar Di Stefano
- Salvatore Savasta
- Stephen Hughes
- Will Salmon
Organizations
- Army Research Office
- Canada Foundation for Innovation
- Foundational Questions Institute
- Japan Science and Technology Agency
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
- NTT, Inc.
- Queen's University
- Stanford University
- University of Messina
- University of Michigan