ATMOSPHERIC REFRACTION ERRORS FOR OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION

Abstract

'Differences are brought out between guided-missile refraction geometry and astronomical refraction geometry. A simple relationship between angular refraction of light, refraction error for ground observer, and refraction error for aerial observer is demonstrated. While angular refraction of light depends only on the extent of appreciable density of the atmosphere, the two types of refraction error continue to vary beyond this point, due to geometry. Basic equations for atmospheric refractive index, angular refraction, and refraction errors for ground and aerial observers are derived from physical principles, without resort to empirical equations of graphical integration. Previously available equations for angular refraction and refraction errors were applicable only to altitudes of less than 10 miles or only to infinite altitudes. Present equations hold for any altitude. Methods of this report are capable of application to any atmospheric temperature profile.'

Open PDF

Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Oct 15, 1953
Accession Number
AD0020861

Entities

People

  • Fred S. Hanson

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Weapons Technologies

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Air Masses
  • Altitude
  • Atmospheres
  • Atmospheric Refraction
  • Atmospheric Temperature
  • Elevation
  • Equations
  • Ground Level
  • Guided Missiles
  • Instrumentation
  • Low Elevation
  • New Mexico
  • Observers
  • Refraction
  • Refractive Index
  • Sea Level
  • Temperature Gradients

Fields of Study

  • Physics

Readers

  • Atmospheric Science / Meteorology, specifically Wind Wave Turbulence.
  • Calculus or Mathematical Analysis
  • Space Exploration and Orbital Mechanics.