RADAR CROSS-SECTION OBSERVATIONS OF THE ECHO I COMMUNICATIONS SATELLITE AT 440 MC/S

Abstract

Radar cross-section measurements were conducted on Echo I (60 Iota 1) , a passive communications satellite, from the first revolution on 12 August 1960 to revolution 5159 on 6 October 1961. Tracks on the early revolutions, up to about 92, generally displayed a fairly constant amplitude, indicting little deformation of the spherical shape of the balloon. Later recordings show amplitude patterns with various amounts and rates of fading. Fast scintillations, with a period of the order of 0.5 - 1 second, can be seen during certain runs as well as slow longterm fading during others. Beginning with about revolution 1944 (18 January 1961), a gradual deterioration in the shape of the balloon was indicated by frequent deep fades and a generally rough amplitude pattern. Amplitude records for 14 of the observed passes are included. A summary is also included for a voice communications experiment conducted between Millstone and the Prince Albert Radar Laboratory during revolution 12.

Open PDF

Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Feb 19, 1962
Accession Number
AD0274065

Entities

People

  • D.p. Hynek

Organizations

  • Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Space

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Amplitude
  • Antennas
  • Artificial Satellites
  • Distortion
  • Frequency
  • Government Procurement
  • Internal Pressure
  • Measurement
  • Observation
  • Optical Antennas
  • Polarization
  • Radar Cross Sections
  • Revolutions
  • Scintillation
  • Shape
  • Thermal Shock
  • Voice Communications

Readers

  • Military History of the United States in the 20th Century.
  • Radar Systems Engineering.
  • Space/Atmospheric Physics.

Technology Areas

  • Space