INVESTIGATION OF HIGH FREQUENCY LIMITATIONS IN MILLIMETER WAVE GENERATORS

Abstract

The relationship between the uncertainty principle and minimum amplifier noise is examined. First, the concept of coherence is discussed, and an incoherence parameter is defined in terms of the uncertainty that enters into the uncertainty principle. Harmonic oscillator states are examined for coherence. The concept of noise is then discussed and contrasted with incoherence. It is shown, with illustrations, that the two concepts are different, and that an incoherent field of a cavity mode need not exhibit noise. Spontaneous emission is examined both for coherence and noise. The origin of fundamental noise in an amplifier is shown to come from spontaneous emission of the amplification mechanism. The physical significance of the zero-point field is shown to consist only of a formal contribution to spontaneous emission, provided the amplifying mechanism is treated quantum-mechanically. (Author)

Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Jun 01, 1962
Accession Number
AD0276940

Entities

People

  • Julian Schwinger

Tags

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Amplification
  • Amplifiers
  • Emission
  • Frequency
  • Frequency Bands
  • Generators
  • Millimeter Waves
  • Oscillators
  • Radio Frequency
  • Uncertainty
  • Uncertainty Principle

Fields of Study

  • Physics

Readers

  • Electronics Engineering
  • Quantum spin resonance or Electron Paramagnetic Resonance spectroscopy.
  • Theoretical Analysis.

Technology Areas

  • 5G
  • Quantum Computing