WATER RECOVERY BY REITERATIVE FREEZING
Abstract
A method of recovering potable water from urine by employing the differences in solute concentration of a liquid-ice phase system as a means of purification is discussed. This method is called reiterative freezing. A parameter of the solute concentration distribution, called the effective distribution coefficient, is defined; and a number of experimental conditions for which the effective distribution coefficient is calculated are described. The effect upon the attainable separation due to rate of freezing, agitation, and direction of freezing with respect to the gravity direction is discussed. The effective distribution coefficients obtained for these experimental conditions are compared with the distribution coefficients attainable under ideal conditions. The effect of freezing upon the distribution of micro-organisms is discussed. The energy requirements for the recovery of potable water from urine by various reiterative freezing schemes are calculated as a function of the yield and of the volume of liquid that must be frozen to recover a unit volume of potable water containing less than 500 parts per million of solids. A comparison is made between these energy requirements and the energy requirements of a simple distillation process. (Author)
Document Details
- Document Type
- Technical Report
- Publication Date
- Mar 01, 1962
- Accession Number
- AD0278833
Entities
People
- Jack Beutel
Organizations
- Honeywell International, Inc.