THE 1962 HOWE MEMORIAL LECTURE ON THE STRENGTHENING OF STEEL,

Abstract

The strength of martensite in hardened steels seems to be due basically to solid-solution hardening contributed by the carbon atoms occupying interstitial sites in the body-centered lattice of iron. The severe local and nonsymmetrical displacements of the neighboring iron atoms produce dipole distortions that interact strongly with dislocations. The observed magnitude of such solid-solution hardening requires that the effective dislocation length be of the order of 100 angstroms. This distance is identified with the fine-scale twin spacing which is actually found in the Fe-Ni-C martensites studies. These hardening features are especially clear in Fe-Ni-C martensites because the latter can be formed and tested at subzero temperatures where C-diffusion processes are not operative. In the conventional hardening of steel by quenching to room temperature, or in the room-temperature aging of refrigerated martensite, C-precipitation hardening sets in and furnishes a further increment of strength which is subject to considerable manipulation by thermal and mechanical treatments. (Author)

Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Apr 01, 1962
Accession Number
AD0281895

Entities

People

  • Morris B Cohen

Organizations

  • Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Tags

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Diffusion
  • Dislocations
  • Dispersion Hardening
  • Displacement
  • Distortion
  • Hardening
  • Iron
  • Martensite
  • Precipitation
  • Quenching
  • Solid Solutions
  • Steel

Fields of Study

  • Materials science

Readers

  • Materials Science and Engineering.
  • Metallurgy

Technology Areas

  • Space