Molecular-Sized Channels and Flows against the Gradient

Abstract

If a passage is so narrow that species must line up in it in single file, then a Markov-type process can take place in which several species considered together would have an average flow from their high to low total concentration, but some subset of the species could have an average flow against their individual gradients. Hodkin and Keynes (J. Physiol., Vol.128, 1955) proposed this type of model to explain observed exchange rates of potassium and its labelled isotope across the membrane of a living cell. We extend this approach by assuming that there are particles of different types (e.g., Na+, K+, H2O) which complete for entry into a passage.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Oct 01, 1962
Accession Number
AD0290674

Entities

People

  • George Bernard Dantzig

Organizations

  • University of California, Berkeley

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  • Biomedical
  • Materials and Manufacturing Processes

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  • Business Administration
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  • Flow Rate
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  • Markov Processes
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Readers

  • Combustion and Flow Dynamics.
  • Materials Science and Engineering.
  • Mathematical Modeling and Probability Theory.