FREQUENCY TEMPERATURE COMPENSATION TECHNIQUES FOR QUARTZ CRYSTAL OSCILLATORS
Abstract
Research concerns evolving a practical analytical and empirical approach to the temperature compensation of quartz crystal oscillators. the study concentrates on a nominal frequency of three mc, but will be generally applicable to A cut quartz crystals of from 1 to 20 mc. The mathematical analysis of five different methods of temperature compensating crystal oscillators is presented. The five methods presented are referred to as Methods A, B, B', D and E. Method A utilizes a back-biased diode and thermistor as the compensation elements. Methods B and B' utilize the junction c pacitance of the transistor and thermistors in the transistor bias network for compensation. Method D uses the injector to collector junction capacitance of a binistor and a thermistor control network as the compensation elements. System E utilizes a forward biased diode, capacitor and thermistor control network as the compensation elements. The results of experimental tests on the compensation circuits and/or compensated oscillator are presented. A compensation on one three-mc oscillator was within ! .7 parts in 10 to the 7th power, from 0 to +60 C.
Document Details
- Document Type
- Technical Report
- Publication Date
- Jan 14, 1963
- Accession Number
- AD0296104