Photographic Measurements of Surface Phenomena

Abstract

The visible surface phenomena of a nominal 30-kt nuclear weapon exploded underwater at a depth of 2000 ft were measured photographically. The direct underwater shock wave produced a slick with a 14,000-ft radius and a spray dome with a 7000-ft radius and a central height of 170 ft. The initial velocity of rise of the central portion of the spray dome was 115 ft/sec, which was 33% higher than expected on the basis of high-explosive results. The first bubble pulse produced a spiky second dome that reached a height of 900 ft. Peak air-shock pressures, calculated from shock velocities, indicated an overpressure at Surface Zero (SZ) of 4.43 psi. Large possible errors in measurement make this value questionable. Results indicated that current knowledge of the surface phenomena of deep underwater explosions is inadequate for the prediction of most nuclear-weapon surface effects.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Oct 01, 1956
Accession Number
AD0361918

Entities

People

  • G. A. Young
  • J. F. Goertner
  • R. L. Willey

Organizations

  • Naval Ordnance Laboratory

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Weapons Technologies

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Aerial Photographs
  • Cameras
  • Explosion Bubbles
  • Explosions
  • Explosives
  • Group Velocity
  • High Explosives
  • Measurement
  • National Security
  • Nuclear Weapons
  • Photography
  • Shock
  • Shock Waves
  • Surface Waves
  • Turbulent Diffusion
  • Underwater Explosions
  • Waves

Fields of Study

  • Physics

Readers

  • Atmospheric Science / Meteorology, specifically Wind Wave Turbulence.
  • Explosive Engineering.