DISLOCATIONS IN RUBY LASER CRYSTALS,
Abstract
As part of a program to establish the effect of crystal imperfections on laser output, a detailed study was made of the dislocation structure of ruby crystals obtained from various sources. Using KHSO4 as an etchant, a detailed mapping of the dislocation structure on the (0001) and the (11 bar 20) planes was performed. A less exten sive study was made of the rhombohedral planes. The average dislocation density on the basal plane was 1.5 to 3 x 1,000,000/cm sq and on the (11 bar 20) planes it was approximately 5 x 100,000/cm sq. However, considerable variation existed between areas on a given plane. The subbondaries in the basal plane tended to lie along 1 bar 100 type directions while those on the (11 bar 20) plane tended to lie: (a) paral lel to the basal plane, (b) along traces of the (1 bar 101) plane, and (c) along normals to the traces of the (0001) planes. These orientations suggest that many of the dislocations lie on the (0001), 1 bar 101 and 11 bar 20 planes. A Laue back-reflection analysis of c-axis wander in one crystal revealed a gradual increases in mis orientation from one end of the crystal to the other, with a maximum variation of one degree 35 minutes. Slight etching of a mechanically polished crystal revealed numerous polishing scratches, suggesting the existence of a plastic flow layer. (Author)
Document Details
- Document Type
- Technical Report
- Publication Date
- Jul 29, 1963
- Accession Number
- AD0416469
Entities
People
- H. Conrad
- K. Janowski
Organizations
- The Aerospace Corporation