STRUCTURE MAKERS AND BREAKERS IN WATER: PRESSURE-INDUCED CHANGES IN THE HYDRATION ATMOSPHERES OF IONS IN SOLUTION,

Abstract

The alkali metal cations may be divided into two classes. Class I consisting of Li(+) and Na(+) have four waters symmetrically arranged in their innermost solvation sheath. The application of hydrostatic pressure reduces this number to 1. Members of this class are structure makers and have positive viscosity B-coefficients. Class II consists of K(+), Rb(+), and Cs(+), which have one water in their innermost solvation sheath, which are completely dehydrated by the application of pressure, and which, due to their assymetry, are structure breakers with negative B-coefficients. Br(-) and Cl(-) tend to resemble Class II but F(-) and I(-) are exceptional in certain respects. I(-) appears to be unhydrated even at one atmosphere. (Author)

Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Sep 30, 1964
Accession Number
AD0449831

Entities

People

  • R. A. Hörne

Organizations

  • Arthur D. Little

Tags

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Alkali Metals
  • Atmospheres
  • Chemical Reactions
  • Coefficients
  • Dynamic Pressure
  • Hydration
  • Hydrostatic Pressure
  • Mechanical Properties
  • Mechanics
  • Metals
  • Solvation
  • Static Pressure
  • Viscosity

Readers

  • Atmospheric Science / Meteorology, specifically Wind Wave Turbulence.
  • Gender and Food Studies
  • Materials Science and Engineering.