OVERCROWDING POTENTIAL
Abstract
The paper explores some possibilities of increasing blast shelter performance (less cost, more hardness, or both) by using shelter space beyond design capacity. It suggests that shelters might reasonably be overcrowded 150% (5 people in 2 shelter spaces) for extended periods and that more severe options are possible for shorter periods. The study gives some background information showing that shelter designers have radically reduced space allocations during the past few years. An example of overcrowding performance is included. The paper also suggests that physiological stress (heat, humidity, lack of water, etc.) rather than psychological stress is always used as the limiting factor in the utilization of shelter space and that the problem can essentially be by-passed by furnishing shelters with water wells. Overcrowding be given serious consideration in developing shelter programs, since it may result in over-all cost reductions, purchase of harder systems, fast capabilities, higher legacy values, optimum phasing of programs, or a combination of these. Systems using well water and designed for overloading incur small increases over normal shelter costs.
Document Details
- Document Type
- Technical Report
- Publication Date
- Jun 11, 1964
- Accession Number
- AD0602848
Entities
People
- Robert A. Krupka