ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF CRYSTAL OSCILLATORS, PART 1
Abstract
The approach developed in this report appears to satisfy all the major requirements that must be placed on a unifying technique for oscillator analysis and design. As demonstrated on specific examples, the conditions for oscillation in a generally valid form can be processed to determine (a) the amplitude of oscillation in relation to the characteristics of the active device, (b) the requirements on the feedback network to operate the crystal unit according to its specifications, (c) the changes in frequency of oscillation in response to variations in any one of the circuit components and hence the values required for these components to obtain maximum stability, and (d) the output power in proportion to the power dissipated in the crystal unit. The key to this approach lies in a graphical method for solution of the oscillator phase equation in the impedance plane. The impedance diagrams obtained thereby open the way to a thorough qualitative understanding of the cause-effect relationships in oscillator performance and provide the guidelines to bring the analytic expressions into a convenient form for quantitative work. Detailed discussions are carried out for the Pierce oscillator and the bridged-T oscillator to illustrate the practical application of the approach.
Document Details
- Document Type
- Technical Report
- Publication Date
- May 01, 1964
- Accession Number
- AD0611200
Entities
People
- Erich Hafner
Organizations
- United States Army Communications-Electronics Command